Electronic Bill Presentment and Payment

Electronic Bill Presentment and Payment (EBPP) is the term used to describe the capability to present bills to customers and to facilitate their payment by electronic means. EBPP offers the opportunity to eliminate the costs associated with printing paper bills, reduce delivery delays and provide a channel for two way communication between suppliers and their customers on a one-to-one basis. From the customers’ perspective, EBPP can provide a simple way to manage and automate the payment of bills. EBPP Models There are five main types of EBPP service provided: 1.The Biller Direct Model in which billers provide their bills on their respective personalized web sites. 2.The Consolidator Model in which service providers allow customers to access and process bills from multiple billers. Within the consolidator model there are several sub-models these include: a)The Consolidator – Thin Client Model provides a site to which billers send their invoices for the customer to view at their leisure. Information at this site is summarized and the customer must visit the billers personal site to examine their bills in detail. b)The Consolidator – Thick Client Model provides billers with a site that host all the billers information. In this model paper bill scanning is not supported. c)The Customer Consolidator Model follows the same blueprint as the thick consolidator model but accepts both electronic and paper scanned bills offering the capability of viewing any bill online. The theory behind this model is that it will attract as many customers as possible in the short term and then streamline to purely electronic methods in the long term. d)The Consolidator Portal Model is a thin client consolidator model but hosted through a popular portal site, such as Yahoo. e)The Financial Institution Model like the portal model acts as a hosting site for consolidated bills. As the bills are placed on the customers bank site payment processing is speeded up while customer affinity with bill payment and banks strengthens consumer acquiescence. 3.The Consumer Centric Aggregator Model. Similar to the consolidator models yet different enough to be considered a separate EBPP approach. The CCA model shares many affinities with the banking consolidator model where billers send their invoices to the CCA site, rather than the consumer, and are paid directly from the site. The approach is equivalent in principle to Direct Debit payments in the UK. 4.The Email Based Model. In this model detailed invoices containing rich text graphics are sent to the customer then linked back to sites for online payment or detailed bill viewing. The medium may include intrusive direct marketing messages. 5.The Service Bureau Model. This model type is a new development in the world of EBPP and facilitates connection to large-scale consolidators for SME companies. In essence the Service Bureau manages its customers needs and offers an ASP model of EBPP.

Through a Different Perspective

Asian and Asian American culture are historically known for having a strict, distinctive boundary between the traditional roles of women and men, where, In the domestic sphere, women are submissive to male authority figures, which are typically embodied in the father or husband. One well known example that calls to mind this subordination of women to men is China's one-child policy, which often leads to ill treatment, abandonment or leaving up for adoption of female infants and children as a result of wanting a male child to lead the family and carry on the family name.While this might be a more extreme result of this stereotype, there are many other similar historical stereotypes that subordinate the woman to the man In Asian and Aslant American culture. Regardless of historical stereotypes, however, It Is clear to many individuals today that times are changing and causing culture to shift. One accessible way of highlighting the degree to which Asian and Asian American culture has c hanged from past to present is through film.Alice Wow's Saving Face and Ketene Meat's Spices note a number of historical stereotypes, but more importantly, they pen up dialogue about the slightly functions of female and male roles. Through the combination of symbol and metaphor, setting and situation, and most Importantly, contrast between traditional and non-traditional, Alice Www and Ketene Meta enable a different understanding of Asian and Asian American femininity and masculinity in their respective films, Saving Face and Spices.Several historical stereotypes characterize traditional Asian and Asian American culture; Alice Www and Ketene Meta address these stereotypes and more. Many historical stereotypes of Aslant and Asian American culture revolve around the way a Oman should act in and outside of marriage and the way In which her Individual role contributes to the identity of a given cultural or familial group. Both Www and Meta present the traditional heterosexual married co uple where the husband's word is comparable to law.In Saving Face, Www provides the grandparents and although the grandmother can offer her input and opinion to her husband, when it comes to serious matters like kicking out their daughter as a result of an illegitimate child, which goes against another stereotype, the grandfather's decision holds fast. In pieces, Meta presents Sarasota and the mukluk, where the authority of the husband's word is even more evident.Stereotypically, the wife and husband are also either fairly close in age or the husband is older. Other obvious historical stereotypes relate to how a woman should act in general. According to stereotypical Asian and Asian American culture, the woman should dress femininely and be passive and non- defiant, not only to the dominant male figure In her life, but In general as well. Historically, women could not receive an education either.Altogether, this creates the tropically impression of an Asian or Asian American woman w ith little or no personal identity, but rather an identity where she blends into the cultural group she is a part of. Historical stereotypes of Asian and Asian American men revolve around his status as an authority figure in the family. He generally has a very dominant and controlling point of view and way of interacting with his family. By addressing these points historical stereotypes both directly and Indirectly and combining them with Asian American femininity and masculinity.Through setting and situation, Www and Meta heighten the contrast between satirical stereotype and changing times, thus allowing viewers to experience dynamic characters who change and come to exemplify transgressing individuals, as opposed to having only static characters that are stuck in a historically stereotypical mentality. Saving Face is set in what seems to be modern day New York, where diversity in all forms is represented. The openness of thought in this setting creates all sorts of situations tha t are starkly different from traditional Asian and Asian American stereotypes, which shy in comparison in the film.For example, the introduction of an African American best friend in the form of Jay, which the mother meets and initially Judges close-minded because of his differing race turns into a situation later on in the film where the two of them are sitting side by side on the couch sharing the experience of an Asian television show. There are also more subtle situations where anti-stereotypical, and even transgressing, thought is expressed.Another such example is the instance when the grandmother mentions how Wig's more masculine attire is fine for a woman. These situations and similar ones pugnaciously give viewers a different understanding of how times are changing, especially in relation to Asian and Asian American femininity and masculinity, thus opening up viewers' thoughts to other, more transgressing situations like LIGHT issues surrounding Wig's official coming out and her acceptance into her family, as well as the idea of an illegitimate child to a much younger man.In a setting full of diversity like that in Saving Face, the unique characteristics of each individual are heightened, thus eventually giving Will the â€Å"validated[ion] for both [her] ethnic and lesbian/gay densities† and a â€Å"sense of social belonging and group cohesion† that Connie S. Chain notes are usually afforded as a result of coming out (Chain, 241).Proof of this success of both sexual and ethnic identity comes at the end of the film where the dance party, a common part of the Asian American community represented in the film, accommodates all the transgressors and accepts them, ultimately dismissing those who do not accept them by having them leave the party. In contrast, the setting of Meat's Spices is one of rigidity and at its most basic level, uniformity. It is set in sass India, a period of British colonialism, which enforces the ideas of oppression an d fear of resistance (Shores, April 9, 2014).This setting makes any type of resistance all the more outlandish and outrageous, thus drawing attention to the transgressing women and men in the film and the way in which they struggle to break historical stereotypes and gender norms. The setting of the film allows for the placement of the â€Å"all-powerful Subdued†, who exemplifies not only overbearing characteristics of colonialism, but more generally speaking, the sexual dominance of the Asian man over the Asian woman (Shores, 251).The Much plays a similar role but really expounds upon the domestic dominance an Asian or Asian American husband stereotypically has over his wife. To contrast these static characters who continue to represent these aspects throughout the duration of the film, Meta introduces transgressing men such as Master's and ABA Mania who both have more enlightened ways of thinking in comparison to the other male characters. The stark difference in these two different sets of men, again, highlights the more of Asian and Asian American femininity and masculinity.In terms of female ranginess, this is even more evident than male transgression because of the way in which females are naturally expected to be non-defiant, especially towards the men of power in their family and in the community they are a part of. In a way, Meta uses this play on power between the Subdued and Sinbad to empower Sinbad more. If â€Å"the Subdued wants Sinbad because of her defiance† and if â€Å"her resistances is a power that excites him,† Meta suggests that a woman who is not completely submissive is more desirable than one who is because of the way she can more equally challenge a male counterpart (Shores, 250).Similarly, Meta empowers Shirtwaist by giving her acts of transgression real purpose. Each of her transgressions from putting her daughter into school, to kicking the Much out of their house, to leading the protest against the Subdued and her husband are followed by strong protests, and even violence, from her husband, thus emphasizing the true strength and ability of a female through persistent resistance and the effect it has on the dominant male figure in her life.If a woman's role were to really be passive and unimportant, the man's word to the public would be final and the woman loud either be literally or figuratively silenced, however the Much constantly brings up the way in which her actions continually affect his political and communal appearance, thus depicting the existence of a permanent voice. While the settings of each of the films more directly set the tone for enabling a different understanding of Asian and Asian American femininity and masculinity, symbols and metaphor enhance this understanding on a more subconscious level.In Saving Face, Www constantly brings in the image of the face, both clear and unobstructed as well as partially hidden from view (Shores, April 2, 2014). The title even mentions the face as well. This constant symbol of the face suggests personal identity and in terms of this film, alludes to an identity not based solely on either sexuality or ethnicity, but rather a cohesion of â€Å"ethnic and lesbian/gay identities† (Chain, 241). The recurrence of the image of the face hints at the importance of individual identity, especially for what would be transgressors of historical stereotypes.There is a constant reminder about the image one gives to the public and the way it differs from one's true self. A symbol that enhances a different understanding in Spices, is the symbol, or trope, of the chili pepper. The chili peppers â€Å"symbolize women's sexuality,† but more importantly, they not only â€Å"offer a literal and metaphoric form of resistance,† but also come to symbolize the power of colonialism and violent dominance in general because of their blood red color (Shores, 247).The scenes where Sinbad runs through and over the chili pep pers and falls down symbolizes the success of colonialism and the way in which it has led to the overcoming of not only villages as a whole, but also the women themselves. At the name time, however, Sinbad gets up and continues to run over the chili peppers, showing how colonialism and oppression are overcome.By the end of the film, it is the very symbol of colonialism and violence that causes the women to come together in resistance against the Subdued, thus showing how colonialism and oppression become the very reason and purpose behind resistance, essentially acting as a spearhead against whoever imposes those things to begin with. In a more literal way become the literal weapons against the Subdued, who â€Å"embodies the colonizers power† (Shores, 249).Through this change in purpose of the symbol of chili peppers as a result of the unification of transgressing thought personified in Sinbad, Shirtwaist, ABA Mania, and the women who eventually come to use the ground up chi li powder as a weapon, viewers come to a subconscious realization of a different understanding of Asian and Asian American femininity and masculinity and the way in which this understanding is truly sculpted at the hands of those who are oppressed as they come to face and conquer their oppressors.Alice Www and Ketene Meta use these various strategies and more in their exceptive films, Saving Face and Spices to enable a different understanding of Asian and Asian American femininity and masculinity. By enabling these different understandings, they break historical stereotypes of Asian and Asian American women and men and empower females in a way that gives them a starkly different image than what is commonly attributed to them.

Patient satisfaction from physicians' communication Essay

Patient satisfaction from physicians' communication - Essay Example To this end they emphasis on the patient care model which places great emphasis on open enquiry, reflective listening and empathy as one of the most effective and important ways of responding to the diverse patient needs. In the HCPC Standards of Proficiency   (2013 p.8) Standard 8, ‘Be able to communicate effectively’, 8.3 states that a   physiotherapist must:   â€Å"Understand how communication skills affect assessment and engagement of service users and how the means of communication   should be modified to address and take account of factors such as age,   capacity, learning ability and physical ability.† As a result, this paper attempts to establish why effective communication between the patient and doctor is crucial by examining different case scenarios and evaluating the role communication plays, not only just in the physiotherapist context, but also in the healthcare system in general. Verbal communication between doctors and their clients is r ecognized as a core part of care and in conventional scenarios it is easy to decode and analyses, and this is because it is discrete in nature and has clear endpoints. However, for doctors to be effective at it, they must have good interpersonal skills such that they can make the patient feel at ease and encourage them to open up with alarming them, sounding rude or stereotypical.  Ã‚   In their discourse, they should ensure they show empathy and attention to the patient’s situation and be capable of managing the patient’s expectations without discouraging them (Larsen and Smith 1981).

Compare and Contrast Various Research Concepts Paper

Compare and Contrast Various Concepts - Research Paper Example Research is thus vital to an organization to get access in to right information, on right time and about right events in right ways. Most business organizations spend relatively a good amount of its earnings on research, mostly through the ‘Research and Development’ departments. Knowing deeply about the world around the business, especially regarding competitors, customers, other relevant stakeholders, technology, economic and political environments etc, helps a business plan strategically and effectively to serve its people better. This piece of research paper explains various research concepts, based on reviewing the literatures and compares and contrasts these different concepts. This paper addresses basic concepts of business research, applied and basic research, manager and the consultant researcher, hallmarks of scientific research etc. Business Research Research is a process of seeking information to find solution to a problem after thoroughly studying and analyzi ng situational factors (Sekaran, 2003, p. 42). Managers or specialized team assigned by the managers in most organizations engage in studying and analyzing organizational issues in order to find better solutions to it and help the organization run smoothly. A business organization cannot take decisions on important issues unless the manager or any other body assigned for it investigate the relevant information more deeply, mainly by collecting information on particular aspects that the business is interested on them. The information thus collected can be used to make judgment regarding right solution to the problem. Research normally includes a number of difficult processes such as situation analysis, data collection, hypothesis development, quantitative or qualitative analysis and presenting the findings etc. Concepts of Basic and Applied Research Though research is normally conducted for large numbers of different purposes, literatures identify two different purposes for research, namely basic research and applied research. Research may be conducted for different purposes like assessing business performance, measuring financial strength, finding financial viability, recognizing human capital productivity, assessing the effectiveness of specific organizational programs like training, development etc. These are quite different examples for some issues or problems that a firm generally requires to find solution to and bring them under control. All these different types of purposes fall in to one of basic or applied research. Basic and Applied research: Compared and Contrasted A manager or researcher may undertake the research to solve a current problem that he currently faces in his organization. the problem he or the firm faces requires a timely and more often an immediate solution. Applied research is thus one that attempts to find solution to a current problem faced by the organization (Sekaran, 2003, p. 7). Basic research focuses on generating a knowledge b ase that can be used to comprehend a problem likely to occur in the organization in future. The organization does not currently face a problem, but it is very likely that it would face issues like financial or managerial in its future and therefore it requires to create information that can be used to analyze and solve the problems. Thomas, Nelson and Silverman (2010) described that the concept of research can be viewed through two different extremes- basic research and

How movies affect the audience Term Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

How movies affect the audience - Term Paper Example For example, most films in Bollywood in India feature more on strong family values. There are only little or no sex and violent scenes. In Nollywood, located in Nigeria, most films have their basis on the reality that most Africans face, such as family struggles, faith conflicts and achieving a balance between modernity and traditional values. In most cases, the films are depicted in a satirical outlook. The South Korean film industry also focuses on what most Asians go through, the historical and personal impacts of life events. In all these film industries, the films have had an impact on viewers. For example, films in Nigeria have raised concerns in most African countries with people worrying that there will be â€Å"Nigerianization† of their cultures given that their films possess a lot of Nigerian culture and dialect. How does the effect of the film impact on the audience? In Hollywood, perhaps the films cannot be said to have the same effect such as making the rest of Europe â€Å"Americanized†, but the effect is still notable. Even when a person is one of the healthiest, watching certain films is likely to have an effect on a person in ways they cannot imagine. The films have cuts, camera angles and scenes that change and these are the film aspects that have an effect on human behavior, views and decision-making process (Plantinga, 2009). Admittedly most people are never conscious about the cuts that film editors make in a film. Camera angles also change so many times in a scene, but people are usually too engulfed in the film to notice such changes. To keep most audiences in America and the rest of the world entertained, filmmakers are well aware that making certain shift cuts in certain scenes have more impact than if the same cuts are made in other scenes of a film. Cutting that occur s in the films might seem very unrealistic, but moving the

Rhetoric Criticism Article Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Rhetoric Criticism - Article Example entitled What it Means to be Colored in the Capital of the U.S. at the United Women’s Club, expressing her views about what was happening then. In this speech, Terrell used Aristotelian forensic rhetoric to present her version of injustice towards colored people in order to increase awareness to their rights and to acquire them. According to Aristotle, forensic rhetoric uses facts to attack or defend, making the audience a judge of what has been done in the past. In Terrell’s speech, she talks about various challenges she has been through as a colored woman and the experiences of others as well in order to show the injustices committed against colored men. She begins with the instances that happened to her or those which she observed and considered to be most possible in her condition as a Black woman. She mentions that there is no other race treated as the Blacks, who may walk the streets to the White House without being fed or accepted in a house, hotel or restaurant. She exposes that even if one has money to buy food or pay for a decent room to stay for the night, if that person is Black, he would not be entertained at all. In a rather ironic tone, Terell points out that even if she were to enter the house of God where color and culture should not be a problem or where love and equality should be most evident, she, as a colored person, would not be given a welcoming reception as expected. This shows that even the very persons who proclaim equality and love, can be void of what they preach when it comes to colored people and the speaker considers this as an injustice. Concerning work, America has always been perceived as a land of promise because of its vast lands and various opportunities. However, to the Blacks, it is not so. According to Terell, there are many able and qualified Black men and women who are highly qualified to do white collar jobs. Nevertheless, color seems to be a hindrance to them. The writer speaks further about this issue by presenting the experience of a young woman who was a rising literary star. She applied to work as stenographer at a company and proving herself to be the best candidate for the job; she was invited in for the interview. Contrary to what the young Black woman expected, she was not given the job because of her color and instead, she was advised to do menial work as that is what the society expects from colored people. Such are the facts Terrell knew about a colored man’s life which she expressed in a compelling manner. â€Å"Her speech isn't as long as others, but it is effective in getting her message across, that there is an abundance of prejudice in America† (Johnston, 2001). She did not merely state examples of injustices that happened to her or a handful of her people but includes the whole community of Black people regardless of their economic status, religion, education and views. Terell used the Association theory by expounding on a specific experience of one person before proceeding to include others in her discussion. For instance, after mentioning the highly qualified applicant who was not given the job of a stenographer, she goes on to speak on a general note, including all the colored women in her discussion of employment opportunities. She says that Black women are not given the fair chance to get employment

Nigerian politics and culture Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Nigerian politics and culture - Research Paper Example Corruption is one of the problems that all countries around the globe are fighting with. It is evident from research that every country currently has formed a commission of enquiry to investigate on corruption, hence proving the challenge as a drawback. It entails the diversion of public/ proprietors funds or property into private ownership without the owners consent. Corruption encompasses rampant issues that should be duly defined to create a comprehension of its concepts to every individual in order to effectively curb the problem. More over, recent research has really focused on establishing the major causes of corruption, which include; poor government policies, endowment of natural resources, culture, politics as well as sociological factors. Furthermore, great impacts are experienced in a society dominated by corrupt enabling systems. These include an overall economic recession, inadequacy of peace and unity, wastage of time etc. However, the style and path corruption takes di ffers in different contexts depending on the root cause, control methodologies employed etc. Nevertheless, Nigeria has been long known for its extraordinary domination by corruption of all forms (Izibili and Aiya, 2007). The discussion in this paper offers a comprehensive research on corruption in Nigeria. Provision of a general overview of corruption and its definitive issues is vital in this case. It will also give a recap on nature and characteristics of corruption in Nigeria. More over, it will seek to establish the causes as well as the impacts of corruption in Nigeria. An overview of corruption and definitive issues Corruption is a form of funds or property misappropriation within an organization/ government or even between individual partnerships. It involves the process of securing power or material wealth through illegal means by individuals for personal gain. In the broad sense of view, two parties (a supplier and a demander) are often involved in a corruption deal when th ey arrange to exchange something illegally. In this case, the allocation of the property of exchange is done immediately or in future as well as facilitation of private gain facilitation at the expense of public property (Osoba, 1996). Innumerable styles are utilized in corruption in Nigeria. Misappropriation of public funds into private accounts by government officials is a common phenomenon in Nigerian corruption. Collection of bribes by police officers from people in order that they execute some of their duties is also rampant. In addition, most authorities may collect money illegally in the issuance of legal documents, for instance, passports, driving licenses, visas etc. Several models are available which describe directions that are commonly applied in corruption. The supply-initiated model involves the demander determining the course of the corruption. This is determined by the bribe-size, the desire of the briber as well as the time for the elision of such deals. The other i s the bribe-oriented model, which entails the setting of a particular price by the bribe. The fulfillment of such corruption models entails undergoing an opportunity cost by the briber in order that they may have an opportunity provided by bribes. Therefore, corruption takes a normal path that is

Language Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words

Language - Essay Example Language and culture are closely related, especially because language is part of culture. When considered individually, however, language and culture have a major impact on national identity. In this regard, Anderson is right in arguing that the mother tongue is the medium through which fellowships are imagined, history is rebuilt, and futures fantasised among patriots1. First, it is important to explore the concept of nationalism since it has a huge bearing on the impact of language. Nationalism is a relatively new concept for most countries; this is because most countries are relatively young. In this regard, it could be said that the oldest countries have the strongest links to nationalism2. For example, it is hardly surprising that terms like Americanism, capitalism, and communism, liberalism, socialism and anarchism are more entrenched in Western societies than in African ones. These isms are not only foreign but also imposed, and language is the vehicle used to facilitate such imposition. However, what differentiates younger from older countries is culture, because culture is rarely dependent on nationalistic ideals. In English in the World: History, Diversity, Change, Seargeant and Swann explore the concept of globalisation and its connection to the spread of English3. Globalisation is often cited as one of the hindrances to nationalism and the development of nationalist ideals; this makes it a prime candidate for the examination of the relationship between struggles over the English language and struggles over national identities. The authors argue that the relationship between globalisation and English is two-way4. On one hand, the greater dynamism in society and the manner in which numerous facets of contemporary life function on an international rather than national level create a need for a standard method of communication that supersedes national boundaries. For example, if an enterprise wants to trade with businesses in other parts of the

Human Resource Managment Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Human Resource Managment - Assignment Example The other issue to look into is the ease in the flow of information from the management to the employees on matters pertaining to their welfare. When the management does the above well then the employees will have the drive to work better and harder. This is, in other words, a motivation which is all about the inner drive to act in a certain way. In this case, this inner drive is externally created by the management through good relations. When these two aspects are combined, the employees find themselves working harder than before toward the realization of organizational goals and objectives. This is the end result of a workforce that has good relations within itself and with the management leading to their high motivation, which is productivity as stated by (Martin 2005). A good example to show how the three relate will be illustrated using a Sales and Marketing Company. Sales and marketing firms are known to be requiring employees who are highly motivated as well as productive for the firms to gain market share and maintain profitability (Khan & Soverall 2007). However, the basic hindering factor is the poor employee relations that exist. For the firms that have been successful, it is the relationship between the management and the employees that act as a catalyst to direct employees’ motivation toward higher productivity (Dyer 2007). Sales and marketing is not an easy job for the employees as targets are the order of the day and failure to achieve one's targets almost always leads to imminent dismissal or low income. The firm, therefore, needs to come up with ways that will ensure that employees achieve their target with relatively manageable difficulty.

Inflation in the US after the Second World War Term Paper

Inflation in the US after the Second World War - Term Paper Example A low rate of inflation is particularly significant because the economy of the US was at least fully employed as per the estimates for the last three years of the last economic expansion period. However, little tendency of acceleration has been noticed in the inflation rate. It is difficult to have such a policy task that keeps the economy moving along the full path of employment with no burst of inflation happening as a result. Since the costs of labor are almost two-thirds of the total costs of production, the rate of rise is considered to be an indication of inflation in future at the retail level. The rates rose in the latter stage of the last economic expansion while they were moderate in the contraction, recovery, and expansion subsequently. The profile of inflation in the US While Europe experienced catastrophic inflation before the Second World War, the US has mainly seen three periods of inflation that generated huge economic concern since 1913; the first of these periods wa s from 1915 to1920 when prices almost doubled, the second period ranged from 1945 to 1947 during which, 34 per cent increase was noticed, and the third period ranged from 1972 to 1982 during which, a total of 131 per cent increase was noticed (Economy In Perspective, 2010). ... Although there has been no significant inflation in the US for the past few years, yet it does not imply that inflation cannot increase in the future. Eventual increase in the demand for loans by businesses and households is addressed by the commercial banks. While the consequential increased spending growth by businesses and households is first welcomed, it might lead to unwanted inflation in the long run (Feldstein, 2013). Causes of inflation Practically, the US has never experienced a period in its entire history when a change in the level of price was not accompanied with a simultaneous change in the money supply. This forms the basis of the view widely held according to which, inflation is a monetary phenomenon everywhere and always that happens as a result of rise in the monetary quantity relative to the output. In spite of the general consensus held by economists over this view, it is consistent with two very different views over the cause of inflation. According to the first view, rapid growth of money causes inflation and is itself caused from Federal Reserve’s mistaken policies. Inflation is controlled by the Federal Reserve and the control is determined by the willingness of the Federal Reserve to constrain the money supply growth. The alternative view is based on the belief that prices experience a major upward pressure because of the activities that cause a decline in the real output. Organized labor’s attempt to acquire increase in the real wages is a favorite candidate. Other activities include the OPEC’s monopolistic pricing behavior, changes in the international trade terms because of decline in dollar’s foreign exchange rate, and major crop failures. Decline in output caused by such activities generally

Health and safety needs of individuals Essay Example for Free

Health and safety needs of individuals Essay Introduction Write a reflective account that evaluates your own contribution to the health and safety needs of individuals whom you have worked with in your placements over the last 9 months. Reflections Domiciliary Care Work. The purpose of reflection stated by (John, 1995) â€Å" is to promote desirable practice through the practitioner’s understanding and learning about his/her lived experiences†. The key laws and policies that have an impact on my work as a social care worker are The Health and Safety at Work Order (NI) 1978, The Management of Health and Safety at Work Regulations (NI) 2000, Reporting of Injuries, Diseases and Dangerous Occurrences Regulations 2013 (RIDDOR), The Manual Handling Operations Regulations (NI) 1992, Personal Protective Equipment at Work Regulations 2002 and Control of Substances Hazardous to Health Regulations (NI) COSHH 2003. The organisation that I am employed with provides a domillicillary care service to vulnerable adults within the community in their own homes. Before any work can commence with a service user, â€Å"a skilled assessment of clients needs and strengths is essential to effective planning† as stated by (Taylor Devine, 1993). A risk assessment is then carried out by the occupational therapist. The law states â€Å"you are required to protect people as far as is reasonably practicable†, (Hse, 2014). The findings of the risk assessment are recorded and included in the care plan. At the service user’s home I would familiarise myself with their care plan. I need to ensure that as a social care worker I contribute to the welfare, health, safety and security of that individual as outlined in my employers code of practice and other relevant recommendations of safe moving and handling that is listed for my attention and other care workers. I used â€Å"PPE in accordance with training and instructions†, (Rsi, 2014) supplied by my employer to ensure I protect the service user and myself from infection. On one occasion, I found that a service user was afraid of the hoist because of a fear of falling, feeling vulnerable and embarrassed. I felt empathy for the service user but stated that all moving to and from the bed or chair had to be carried out using the hoist which is stated on the risk assessment for her safety and it is against the moving and handling policy not adhering to the care plan. The service user was further advised that since she had refused to allow the hoist to be used, unfortunately she had  to stay in bed or be lifted by a member of the family. It was my responsibility to have adhered to the moving and handling policy for my own safety and that of the service user whose mobility is impaired. As an employee within the health sector it is my responsibility to conform to the health and safety policy. By adhering to this, I feel that it has enabled me to observe all the safety rules and regulations that are required by law for me to follow. Wearing of gloves, apron s and footwear at all times are standard precaution to take for infection control. Infection control practices are adopted to minimise the spread of infection from one person to another. I feel that it is also my responsibility to report all potential hazards, accidents or incidents to my line manager. Yesterday when I arrived at the home of a service user who has mental impairment, I was confronted by newspapers strewn all over the room, split urine bottles and bags of soiled pads that was taken from the rubbish bin outside. The service user was hoarding these in his room. I felt uncomfortable and immediately, I called my line manager where arrangements were made through his social worker to get his room cleaned to avoid any potential infection from the soiled pads and spilt urine. By attending all mandatory training on moving and handling, food hygiene, administering of medication and first aid. I feel I am kept up to date through training and have improved my own awareness and skills whilst working with service users in a health and safety environment. Recently a service user was walking in the kitchen with her walking stick when she fell and sustained multiple br uises. On my visit I was informed of the incident, which I immediately recorded and reported to my line manager. Since the service user mobility was impaired I encouraged her to use the zimmer emphasising that by using the zimmer it would reduce the risks of her falling and causing potential injury which could be serious. Another issue I had recently was with a co-worker who had decided that in order to save time, we would drag lift a double amputee service user instead of using the glide sheet to glide him up the bed. I was uncomfortable with that suggestion and I refused to partake in that method of moving and handling which was against company policy and I feel I could have potentially caused serious damage to the service user and ourselves. I now think that by insisting that we were to follow the correct moving and handling procedures this prevented any incident from happening and did not leave us open to  disciplinary action. Conclusion Health and safety is an important part of my work out in the community and I need to continuously reflect on this in my every day practice. I feel more secure I the knowledge that it is acceptable to use reflection as a tool in order to turn any unpleasant experience into a positive one

Health Promotion Essay

Health Promotion Essay This written rationale will identify and explain the necessity for the promotion of public health and physical activity. It will demonstrate an understanding of the role, function and settings of public health and physical activity promotion by national, regional and local agencies. It will also analyse and evaluate the health related models and approaches to public health and physical activity promotion. What is Health? There are many definitions for Health. Health means different things to different people, if someone doesnt drink and smoke then they believe that they are healthy, or if they eat a good balanced diet for example. The main most known definition of health is from the World Health Organization. World Health Organisation states: Health is a state of complete physical, mental, and social well being, and not merely the absence of disease or infirmity. Health is a dynamic condition resulting from a bodys constant adjustment and adaptation in response to stresses and changes in the environment for maintaining an inner equilibrium called homeostasis. World Health Organisation (2003) This definition however has not been amended since 1948. What is Health Promotion? Health promotion involves doing things to prevent disease and to improve individual and communities health. Health promotion offers solutions to many of the health problems facing society such as obesity, lack of exercise and smoking though developing skills and knowledge, community action, supportive environments, healthy public policy and health services. Health promotion helps individuals or communities to increase control over and improve their health and wellbeing. Curtin University (2012) states that with a significant proportion of ill-health related to choices about nutrition, exercise, the use of legal and illegal substances, interpersonal relationships and other social behaviours, health promotion can help us make choices that support well-being. The features of health promotion are that it is based on a holistic view of health; it uses participatory approaches it focuses on the determinants and addressing of health not just health problems and conditions. These include the social, behavioural, environmental and economic conditions that are the root cause of poor health, wellbeing and illness such as education, income, employment, working conditions, social status. Health promotion builds on existing strengths and assets and it uses multiple, complementary strategies to promote health for the individual, community and population level. Why is health promotion needed? There are fears that the recent generation and their childrens generation will age less successfully than the current older one no surprise given that, although rates of cigarette smoking are falling, more people are drinking heavily, only a minority of adults exercise often enough to maintain good health and obesity rates have greatly increased over the last 20 years. Obesity is a main health issue which can lead to other health problems such as diabetes, high cholesterol, hypertension, joint pain, Nursing Times (2009) states that these health issues can be prevented or delayed by lifestyle measures. A health promotion package would enable adults of all ages to lead happier and healthier lives. Around two-thirds of the England population are overweight or obese. Obesity has grown by almost 400% in the last 25 years and on present trends will soon surpass smoking as the greatest cause of premature loss of life. (NHS Dudley, 2012) Obesity is associated with many health problems including coronary heart disease, diabetes, kidney failure, osteoarthritis, back pain and psychological damage. The strong association between obesity and cancer has only recently come to light. (Dodds, 2009) Dodds (2009) estimates the economic costs of obesity conservatively at  £3.3-3.7 billion per year and of obesity plus overweight at  £6.6-7.4 billion. Health promotion for obesity is especially important because it can help lower the risks of many other health conditions which then cuts down the economic costs in the future by educating people about the correct food and exercise and also behaviour change techniques. Why do we need to Promote Mental Health? Mental health promotion does remain the most underdeveloped area of health promotion even though there is an increasing recognition that there is no health without mental health Christodoul (2009). Positive mental health involves self-esteem, being able to solve problems and the ability to adapt to stress. The need for positive mental health promotion is beneficial and relevant for everyone. It is important to stress to policy makers and professionals to understand that mental health and mental wellbeing are issues of everyday life. Therefore positive mental health demands the co-ordinated action by all concerned; through the media, the government, local authorities, industry, voluntary organisation and through health and social and economic sectors. Most of the time when people think of mental health they look at it in a negative way, however it could be argued that this is not the case. Mental health is not just the absence of mental illness. It is defined as a state of well-being in which every individual realises his or her own potential, can cope with the normal stresses of life, can work productively and fruitfully, and is able to make a contribution to his or her community. (Mental Health Ireland 2013) Mental Health is about how people feel about themselves, how they feel about others and how they are able to meet the demands of life.    Mental health promotion is important because mental health contributes to all aspects of human life, it has important, less important and essential values for the individual, society and culture. Mental health has a shared relationship with the wellbeing and productivity of a society and its members. Mental health is essential for the wellbeing and functioning of all individuals. Mental health is essential for the well-being and functioning of individuals. Good mental health is an important resource for individuals, families, communities, and nations. Mental health, as an indivisible part of general health, contributes to the functions of society, and has an effect on overall productivity. Mental health concerns everyone as it is generated in our everyday lives in homes, schools, workplaces, and in leisure activities. Positive mental health contributes to the social, human, and economic capital of every society. Spirituality it can make a significant contribution to mental health promotion and mental health influences spiritual life. (World Health Organization, p.21 2004) Mental health can be regarded as an individual resource, which contributes to a persons quality of life; an aspect of good mental health is the capacity for mutually satisfying and enduring relationships. The role of Health Promotion. Health Promotion staff work at numerous different levels from working with groups and communities, face to face contact with individuals, to more strategic work such as policy development. Working as a health promotion specialist is much more than persuading and advising individuals to make lifestyle changes, it also includes the following: Project management- this involves managing particular health promotion projects to make sure they are delivered to a high standard, effective and that they are ethical. Personal development developing personal, emotional and social skills and abilities of everyone to give them the opportunity to maximise their health and build a health promoting attitude to use for those around them. Community development encouraging and developing communities to become healthier such as neighbourhoods, cultural communities and communities of interest. Organisational development encouraging organisations to become more health promoting such as schools, work places and hospitals. Partnership development building partnerships with key people, communities and organisations who can influence health promotion and to help partnerships to be better educated to promote health. Health information developing ways of providing the correct information about peoples health, what social and behavioural factors can affect their health and what can be done to improve their health. Strategy Development developing a planned approach to improving health and to make sure that local, regional and national polices that could affect the publics health do so in a health promoting way. (NHS careers, 2012) Health promotion specialists also work in a range of different settings and locations such as sport and fitness centres, communities, health centres, local authority buildings, hospitals, offices and schools. National Health Promotion National health promotion includes many different programmes and schemes backed by the government the NHS, the Department of Health and some charities. Some are list below: Change 4 life this involves eat well, move more, live longer government campaign. This involves a website. NHS Life Check- this is a free online service from the NHS that asks people a series of questions about their lifestyle and gives them personalised results. Take on life, one step at a time this is a website from Healthier Scotland with information about healthy eating and physical activity. NHS Health the UKs health improvement agency for improving the health of the nation. Health at Work Programme from the British Heart Foundation this involves promoting health and wellbeing in the workplace. Healthcare Promotions this is a free service for healthcare professionals which is used to help raise awareness across the UK on a range of health issues. Alcohol Focus UK this is a UK national charity that works towards reducing the harm caused by alcohol. Down Your Drink this is a website made to help people work out wether they are drinking too much and if so what they can do about it. Drink Aware this aims to promote responsible drinking and find innovative ways to challenge the national drinking culture to help reduce alcohol misuse and minimise alcohol-related harm. Fastforward Fast Forward is a national voluntary organisation that was created to give young people the skills, education and support to live healthier lives. Hope UK Works with communities throughout the UK to prevent drug and alcohol-related harm to children and young people.   Life Education Centres the aims of Life Education Centres are to help children make healthy choices by providing services appropriate to the needs of primary school children. Frank this is a national drug information website providing confidential advice about taking drugs. (Patient.co.uk 2012) Regional Health Promotion Derbyshire Derbyshire health promotion service offers a range of free health and well-being programs, advice and support to the local community and businesses of Derbyshire. All programs are run and delivered by health specialists. Some of the health promotion programs are listed below: Waist Wise this is a weight management program with separate courses for men and women Derbyshire Stop Smoking Service this is a specialist support program to help people quit smoking. Health Referral Program this is an exercise and activity scheme for individuals who want to improve their health by becoming more active. Children and Young Peoples Health Promotion Program this is a local program to improve the health and wellbeing of children and young people in Derbyshire. Working Well this involves a range of programs to help local businesses to improve the health, well-being and safety of their workforce and work place. Living with Long-term Conditions Program- this is a self-management program to help people with long-term conditions to improve their health and well-being. Marketing and Resource Service this is a range of health and well-being marketing resources for use in the community and education projects (Derbyshire Community Health Service, 2012) It is essential that Derbyshire are working on tackling obesity by using health promotion as National Obesity Surgery Centre (2010) states that Obesity has hit an all time high in Derbyshire with  25% of people  now in this category. Health officials said this cost the NHS  £7m more  in 2009 than in 2008. As obesity increases millions more will be spent each year. In 2008 89 people in Derbyshire had weight loss surgery such as gastric banding. Female patients outnumbered males, with 75 women receiving gastric bands compared to 14 men. Overall there were only slightly more obese women than men. 72,000 women compared to 70,000 men. The figures have been revealed after statistics showed that eight times more people in England have been admitted to hospital due to obesity than ten years ago. (National Obesity Surgery Centre 2010) This is just another set of statistics highlighting the problem of obesity is on the increase and is in desperate need of tackling. This is why Health Promotion is crucial in areas of the world. Local Health Promotion Chesterfield The health of the community in Chesterfield in general is wore than the England average, there are health issues within Chesterfield which are by gender, level of deprivation and ethnicity. Almost seven out of ten local people describe their health as good/very good, which is said to be low compared with others. Chesterfield also has a high rate of teenage pregnancies and alcohol related admissions to hospital. More people in Chesterfield are admitted to hospital for alcohol related harm than anywhere else in Derbyshire and the rate is higher than the national average.   (Chesterfield Borough Council, 2009) Chesterfield is currently focusing and providing opportunities for young people to take part in activities. Queens Park Sports Centre has a synthetic pitch and provides free use for supervised activities for 10 hours each week. There is a health programme called swim free which means under 16s can swim for free, also the new Healthy Living Centre at Staveley is now open. The Council also won funding to develop play facilities in the deprived area of Barrow Hill in Chesterfield. Chesterfield Borough Council (2012) reports that Last year, the number of children taking part in sports development activity increased from 1,255 to 1,541. These activities of health promotion are decreasing the chances of obesity by providing physical activity activities which is crucial when trying to loose or maintain a correct body weight. Strengths and Weaknesses of Health Promotion Weaknesses Issues relating to funding and lack of resources are a major problem when coming to health promotion. Lack of staffing funding issues Losing out to direct care health promotion being seen as not important so staff such as nurses will be dealing with health promotion on top of dealing with direct care of patients. Lack of understanding of health promotion Godden (2008) states that staff and management can sometimes be identified as lacking in understanding of health promotion. Godden also found that a lack of skills and knowledge amongst staff as a weakness and several members of staff at the NHS suggested that there was an unjustified assumption that anyone can just do health promotion without appropriate training. Some sectors do not understand or recognise health promotion and neither does the community. Strengths Cutting down cost for the economy by tackling health problems such as obesity, cardiovascular disease and cancer Community togetherness getting together as groups in the community Making new friends Cut down levels of depression with health promotion based on physical activity à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â‚¬Å" physical activity decreases the symptoms of depression. Physical activity releases endorphins, which may improve an individuals mood, exercise the immune systems chemicals that increases depression, due to body temperature increasing during exercise this produces a calming effect. Exercise also increases confidence and helps distractions of negative thoughts. Exercising may offer more opportunities to socialize and offers people a healthy way to cope with depression. Morin (2011) states that 33 percent of adults do not engage in any form of leisure time physical activity. Increasing physical activity improves depression. This is why health promotion for exercise is beneficial for everyone and will cut down the cost on the NHS prescriptions of antidepressants Behavioural Modifications in Health Promotion There many theories and models that are used in Health Promotion, however it depends what the focus of change of behaviour that is being worked out. For tackling obesity and to promote healthy eating the following theories may be found helpful. The stages of change model would assess the readiness of the community to change Learning theory, diffusion of innovations theory and communication theory would inform behavioural interventions to help people to make healthy food choices Community development theory would help in enabling the community to address barriers to having a healthy diet (for example through setting up a food co-operative) Policy theory would help with how to influence political processes (e.g. getting the council to set aside land for allotments). The Health Belief Model can also play a good role in health promotion. This model predicts and explains the health behaviours people decide to undertake, the Health Belief Model supposes that a person believes they can avoid a negative condition such as obesity, that an individual will expect positive results if they take recommended actions to avoid negative health conditions and that people believe that they can successfully take recommended health steps towards leading a positive healthy life. This model will also assist towards cutting costs on the NHS for all types of health problems. (Kansas State University College of Human Ecology, 2006) Is Health Promotion a good thing? Health Promotion is Prevention. Health Promotion is the practice of preventing disease and promoting good health within groups of people, from small communities to entire countries. Yes, Health Promotion is a good thing because it saves money and improves peoples quality of Life. If a community is healthy then it is spending less money on health care; meaning better economic productivity and improved quality of life for everybody. Health Promotion doesnt only help the adult population but it also helps children thrive. If a child is healthy then it will grow up to be a healthy adult, a healthy child attends school more often and performs better as a whole meaning they will be educated on health and fitness and hopefully carry it on through to their children too.

Importance Of Soviet Silent Films Film Studies Essay

Importance Of Soviet Silent Films Film Studies Essay Soviet silent films were designed to persuade their audiences of the importance of the process of revolution. Discuss with reference to the distinctive use of form and style in one or more directors. A propaganda film is a film, either a documentary-style production or a fictional screenplay that is produced to convince the viewer of a certain political point or influence the opinions or behaviour of people, often by providing deliberately misleading, propagandistic content. Lenin declared in 1922 that of all the arts, for us the cinema is the most important The development of Russian cinema in the 1920s by such filmmakers as Dziga Vertov and Sergei Eisenstein saw considerable progress in the use of the motion picture as a propaganda tool, yet is also served to develop the art of the filmmaking. Eisensteins films, in particular The Battleship Potemkin, are seen as masterwork of the cinema even as they glorify Eisensteins communist ideals. Dziga Vertov was interested in the idea that the film camera had the potential to capture truth; the camera could be seen simply as a mechanical device that was capable of recording the world without human intervention. A revolution is a fundamental change in power or organisational structure that takes place in a relatively short period of time. The October Revolution on the 25th October 1917 overthrew the Russian Provisional Government and gave the power to the Soviets dominated by Bolsheviks. This revolution and the civil war that followed had a devastating effect on the Russian film industry, which was almost completely destroyed. Very few of the Russian directors and stars remained in Russia after 1919, the majority having fled to Paris where they continued production. Soviet cinema differed from Western cinema in that it had clear political aims to use film as a propaganda weapon and also for it to espouse and reflect the new revolutionary regime. This aim was particularly expressed through narrative and editing. The montage cinema which demanded that the audiences continually searched for the meaning created by the juxtaposition of two shots can thus be seen as alternative to the continuity editing-based Hollywood cinema. One of the Soviet film-makers who developed this idea into both a theory and a practice of film-making was Sergei Eisenstein. Eisenstein believed that maximum impact could be achieved if shots in a scene were in conflict. This belief was based on the general philosophical idea that existence can only continue by constant change. This method of creating meaning from such conflicts of opposites is termed dialectical. For example, shot A combined with shot B does not produce AB but the new meaning C. The formulation can also be presented as: thesis + anti-thesis= synthesis. In formal terms, this style of editing offers discontinuity in graphic qualities, violations of the  180 degree rule, and the creation of impossible spatial matches. It is not concerned with the depiction of a comprehensible spatial or temporal continuity as is found in the  classical Hollywood  continuity system. It draws attention to temporal ellipses because changes between shots are obvious, less fluid, and non-seamless. One of the more prominent films to fully utilize Soviet montage was Dziga Vertovs Man with a Movie Camera (1929). Man with a Movie Camera is an assembly of seemingly random shots of city life. From the cars on the street to people in motion to Vertov himself carrying his camera, the film represents Russia alive with enthusiasm following the revolution, a country with a genuine desire to better itself and its population. Aside from editing, these films have other features which separate them from the dominant Hollywood cinema. In keeping with a Marxist analysis of society, plots frequently do not centre on the individual, for example, in Eisensteins Strike, October and Battleship Potemkin, individual heroes are replaced by a mass of people. The only characters that are individualised are those who have wealth. Eisenstein used non actors to play key parts, believing that the external appearance was vital to the performance. This idea is termed typage. The audience sees a character and immediately recognises him as a sailor or an officer just by his appearance. Like others before him Eisenstein sought to make the stage a vehicle of omniscient, ever present narration. He challenged Aristotles assumption that theatre minimised the authors shaping hand. Eisensteins theory expressionist in that it regards narration as the process of making manifests some essential emotional quality of the story. In Strike Eisenstein uses his principle of montage of attractions to the editing. He believes that by creating visual jolys between each cut, the viewer would be shocked into new awarenesss. At various points in Strike Eisenstein juxtaposes shots taken from different viewpoints. Those shots needed to be interpreted by the audience. One of the best examples of this type of intellectual montage is in the Slaughter of the bull. Here Eisenstein juxtaposes a non-diegetic image of a bull being slaughtered and shots of the factory workers being killed by government forces. It can be formulated like this: shot A (the workers being killed) + shot B (the bull being slaughtered) = new understanding C (the workers are being killed like animals). In these cases the audience become active political interpreters. In Battleship Potemkin (1925) which is based on a true story of a massacre that took place on board the Potemkin in 1905, Eisenstein uses montage techniques with a vivid effectiveness, especially in the central part of the film in which the soldiers are marching down the steps leading to the harbour systematically shooting the onlookers. By using montage to repeat scenes, Eisenstein expanded time. The effect is to intensify the nature of the slaughter as well as to hold the audience in suspense. The climax of the scene demonstrates the effectiveness of montage in order to shock the audience. The same can be said about the rest of the film; Eisenstein increases the number of cuts to build up tension in particular in the last part of the film, with the Russian squadron. It gives the scene a sense of urgency which would be impossible to achieve with ought these techniques. The concept of typage is seen throughout, the actors were not chosen for their acting ability, but instead they were chosen for how well they looked the part. It is another form of attraction. Eisenstein also rejected the traditional narrative pattern in which a hero embarks on a quest or responds to a challenge. Vakulinchuk and Matyushenko are the only sailors identified by name but they quest or challenge is not theirs alone. We do not follow their journey and we do not observe events through their eyes. Almost all the characters were introduced to contribute to the action, but they do not drive the action. Critics declared that Battleship Potemkin was pitched far above the intellectual level of most peasants but, like Strike before it, marked a major step in the progress of revolutionary cinema. Eisensteins forth feature length film was October (1927), made for the Tenth Anniversary celebrations of the Russian Revolution, depicts the build-up of the October Revolution, ending with the storming of the Winter Palace by the Bolsheviks. The movie demanded the audience to think in a critical and constructive manner about the important political issues by using intellectual montage. This can be seen in scene when Kerensky and general Kornilov, in which Eisenstein uses intercuts between these two men and the plaster cast figures of Napoleon. This exposes the vanity and the lack of power to form a separate identity. The film suffered for its unpopularity and bad distribution, but film historians consider it to be an immensely rich experience-a sweeping historical epic of vast scale, and a powerful testament to Eisensteins genius and artistry. The editing of motion pictures has been a focus for various theories of cinematic realism, where editing is usually rejected as manipulative and propagandistic. In place of editing, critics such as  Andrà © Bazin  have argued in favour of the  long take  where the action plays out without  continuity editing  or the manipulations of Soviet montage.

Romeo And Juliet - Vendetta In Verona :: essays research papers

	The Tragedy of Romeo and Juliet by William Shakespeare clearly demonstrates how tragedy can be caused when the rage of past generations is carried over to a younger generation. The key factor that demonstrates this theme is the constant feud between the Capulets and the Montagues. The rage between the two households directly relates to the tragic death of Romeo and Juliet. 	A major dispute is going on between the Capulets and the Montagues. These two households, "both alike in dignity," (1.Prologue.1) have been feuding for so long that they even forget the reason they are feuding. Romeo and Juliet, "a pair of star-crossed lovers who take their life," (1.Prologue.6) are results of how tragedy can be caused when the rage of past generations carries over to a younger generation. Tybalt is also an example of the theme. At Capulet's party, he walks up to Lord Capulet and says "Tis he, that villain Romeo" (1.5.67). Tybalt learns this rage toward Romeo and all the other Montagues through past generations. 	Putting the objections and differences of Romeo and Juliet's parents aside, however, Romeo and Juliet fall in love as soon as they meet, and decide to risk being wed in secret. The reason for the secret marriage is because both Romeo and Juliet know their parents would be angered by their marriage. The only people to know about Romeo and Juliet's secret marriage other than themselves is the Friar and the nurse. 	Due to the secret marriage, Romeo and Juliet tragically die. Had Romeo and Juliet announced their wedding, they could still be alive. Juliet would not have had to fake her death to get out of the arranged marriage with Paris if she had told her parents about her and Romeo. Romeo does not receive the information of the Friar and Juliet's plan in time, and he kills himself in anguish over her death. As Juliet awakes from her slumber, she sees Romeo dead. Juliet then kills herself in bereavement over Romeo's death. Had Romeo and Juliet announced their wedding, then none of these tragic events ever would have happened as a result of their parents dispute. 	As well as the lives of Romeo and Juliet being affected, so were the lives of people around them that they loved and cared for. Not knowing of the secret marriage, Tybalt and Mercutio engage in a duel. Romeo tries to stop the duel when he says "Gentle Mercutio, put thy rapier down" (3.

Hamlet: Act 2 Scene 2 :: Shakespeare Hamlet

Hamlet: Act 2 Scene 2 - Compare Hamlet's Reaction to Arrival of Rosencrantz and Guildenstern and To the Players Compare Hamlet's reaction to the arrival of Rosencrantz and Guildenstern with his reaction to the arrival of the Playyers. Account for his reactions.      Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   By comparing Hamlet's reaction to the arrival of   Rosencrantz and Guildenstern  Ã‚   with his reaction to the arrival of the Players, we can observe the different perspectives of Hamlet's character. His reaction to the arrival of his old friends is similar to his reaction to the arrival of the Players in as he is happy to see them all and he reveals his sanity to them all. When Rosencrantz and Guildenstern arrive, Hamlet is overjoyed to see his   "excellent good friends" (2.2.227) with whom he grew up. Hamlet is also delighted to meet with the Players. But this is where all the similarities end. In his conversations with Rosencrantz and Guildenstern, Hamlet becomes suspicious of the purpose of his old friends' visit and he is perceptive enough to see through the outer disguise into the interior motives. He forces them to reveal that they have been sent by the King to find out what is causing Hamlet's "transformation" ( 2.2.5). Hamlet admits his sanity by telling his good friends that his "uncle- father and aunt mother are deceived." (2.2.348)   Why does Hamlet admit his sanity to Rosencrantz and Guildenstern? Is it an another attempt to at deception, or is it to implant a sense of trust between Hamlet and his old friends? Hamlet could possibly be furthering his plans for revenge by admitting his sanity. Hamlet's friends would relay the message to the King and Claudius may think that Hamlet really is mad for admitting that he was supposedly feigning madness. On the other hand, at the conversation with the Players, his behavior is spontaneous. He welcomes his "good friends" (2.2.431) and it seems that he is "glad" (2.2.430) to see them again. He is friendly, funny and very open in his communication with the Players. Hamlet notices that one of the young players who plays female roles has grown a beard and he makes a joke about it. It also indicates that Hamlet has known them for a long time. The young Prince Hamlet also demonstrates his sanity when meeting with the Players. Hamlet shows that he is still capable of reasonable thought when he recites the lines to a play that he has heard only once. Hamlet reestablishes his friendship with the Players and shows his sanity to the Players so that he can further his plan for revenge.

The Descent of Dick Diver in Fitzgeralds Tender is the Night Essays

The Descent of Dick Diver in Tender is the Night    Tender is the Night by F. Scott Fitzgerald chronicles Dick Diver's long descent (or "dying fall," [Letters 310]) to ruin at the hands of women. Diver, the novel's protagonist and antagonist, seeks to overthrow feminine power. Dick needs to control the women in his life. To him, women want to be dependent; they are weak, lost souls who need the guidance only a man can give. In turn, women are parasites who feed on him and ultimately destroy his genius.      Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Before Diver becomes involved with woman, he is a Rhodes Scholar and a promising young Psychiatrist. By the end of the novel he is a middle-aged drunk chasing young women. Dick Diver, flaw credible, possesses an excess of charm, which leaves him vulnerable to women who lead him to moral and emotional bankruptcy. Diver meets Nicole Warren, the rich heiress. Their relationship is almost incestuous. The unsteady daughter figure/wife/patient seeks approval from her father figure/husband/doctor. The relationship is clearly based on the control Dick Diver has over Nicole. Nicole was already a mess from the sexual abuse she encountered from her father. She was looking for a father figure, someone to take care of her. Her choice of mate was the likely one: her doctor. While Diver does seem to love his patient, he nonetheless "handles" her, always treating her like a patient over whom he has power. During their courtship, the letters he sends her mostly tell h er to "be a good girl and mind the doctors." (130) He is a doctor who has control over his patient while corresponding with her; he knows she will follow his directions and obey his commands. After he weds her, he becomes increasingly torn betw... ...e only two people in the world I care about." (218-219). Later, Cullis tells Diver of the incident involving Rosemary and Bill Hillis on a train. This "image of a third person ... entering into his relation with Rosemary was needed to throw him off his balance" (88). Now Diver has really lost control of things with Rosemary. He is obsessed with her, as evident in his repeating his imagined flashback to the scene; "Do you mind if I pull down the curtain?" (90). The Diver that needs to control, is now controlled by the image of Rosemary with another man; his need to control people has been suffocated as Rosemary rules his emotions since Nicole no longer needs him.    Works Cited: Fitzgerald, F. Scott. Tender Is the Night. New York: Simon & Schuster Inc., 1995. The Letters of F. Scott Fitzgerald. Ed. Andrew Turnbull. New York: Scribners, 1963.

Impressions of an Indian Childhood Essay

Impressions of an Indian Childhood and The School Days of an Indian Girl What is Gertrude Bonnin complaining about? Is she even complaining? She got to go to school and get an education for free. She even went on to go to college. Very few white Americans could say that in those days, much less Native Americans. Even today a free ride through college is a rare occurrence. Of course she experienced a few hardships along the way. Learning a new language was definitely a challenge for her in the beginning, although one she overcame quite well (after all, she did win an oratorical contest at her college). Living by the rules of a different culture was another challenge for her. But she eventually became accustomed to the new ways and she learned how to adjust. And of course she went through many years of discrimination and persecution, simply because of the fact that she is a Native American. But in the long run, wall the challenges she overcame helped to improve herself as an individual and as a representative of a culture. We must all go through hard times and face many difficult challenges in our lives if we want to make a better life for ourselves. As long as there are different races, racism will always exist. People like Gertrude Bonnin who can overcome racism and discrimination by succeeding in the â€Å"white man’s world,† are the people who help others like them be accepted in our culture.

Public health Essay

The difference in the components of the common wellness fellate and the union wellness nurse lie not in the types of fretting offered but in the train at which this care is offered to patients. The reality wellness nurse provides care to individuals or to the members of a family. The community wellness nurse, on the other(a) hand, provides on-going care and tips to a wider base of persons inside a community. The goal of the public wellness nurse is to promote the wellness of the persons that lay within a community, so this government agency is often confused with that of the community health nurse. In fact, in many regions and countries, the cost are used interchangeably.However, while the role of the public health nurse is to station and deal with distinct illnesses be set about by persons at a disposed time, community health is concerned with the identifying issues in the physical and social environment that whitethorn affect the etiology of disease. The community health nurse works to educate the public regarding any such issues found to be of medical concern rather than scarce to treat ad hoc people with specific illnesses (Lundy & James, 2001). It is often the case, however, that the role of public health treat is contained within that of community health nursing. One particular definition of community health nursing gives its role as promoting and preserving health within a presumption population through education and the desegregation of skills relevant to both nursing and public health (Lundy & James, 2001, p. 874). Another definition demonstrating this integration of public health nurses role into that of the community health nurse is found in a ledger by the ACHNE.It states that Community health nursing is a synthesis of nursing possibleness and public health theory apply to promoting and preserving the health of populations (qtd. in 2001, p. 874). It can thusly be seen that community health nursing extends beyond simply pro moting prevention and trustworthy health practices it also includes some measures interpreted by nurses toward ameliorating the effects of diseases being suffered by individuals in a assumption instance. This incorporates the role of the public health nurse. Therefore, the principal(prenominal) difference between the two exempt appears to be the level at which the care is offered to the members of a population.ReferenceLundy, K. S. & S. James. (2001). Community health nursing caring for the publics health. Sudbury Jones & Bartlett.

The Human Brain and Philosophy

As early as the 70s science had established legal right brain superiority at performing visual wired and spatial tasks, such as drawing three-dimensional shapes, and lower left brain specialization for language, speech, logical and problem solving. (Gazzaniga,1996). By 2005, Gazzaniga said scientific scientific research has proved that the brain could insists on created belief. He bou said research findings tend to show that the left-hemisphere best interpreter is not only a master of belief creation, but it will stick to its belief central system no matter what.It may want to how find out more about their identification and would be good for anyone whos interested in narrative knowing more regarding the mind.Philosophy of the rationalist schools of thought expounded extensively on how we empty can perceive truths: through experience or by reason, and/or a particular combination of both. (Empiricism, Rationalism, or a mix of chorus both thinking. ) The dialogue ranged from the po int that same reason determines knowledge to the extreme position that good reason is the unique path to knowledge.Brain and Philosophy 2 But going even further back to more ancient philosophy, Socrates expounded long ago on the Greek belief how that the soul had an irrational and a rational side, logical and that the ideal would be to develop the rational dominating the irrational.Its divided into sections.

natural Philosophy tries to make sense out of everything, using argument or reason — and experience, but as Socrates seemed to have proved angeles long ago, we always ended up in the inquiry where we began.Ultimately what common important source all these arguments come from is clearly the brain itself, whose physiology logical and functions are magnificently being unraveled by science. Ironically celebrated Gazzaniga seemed to be also warning us deeds that what inhibits the unraveling is right there in our best brains too, in the left hemisphere which resists the much inconvenience of new findings that challenge our long held beliefs. .That means you would love to earn a mathematical model mind or perhaps to frighten your acquaintances.Retrieved October 15, 2008 http://pegasus. cc. ucf. edu/~fle/gazzaniga.The muscles of expression let you demonstrate your emotions.

Retrieved October 15,2008 from http://www. press. uchicago. edu/Misc/Chicago/1932594019.It will help to get a feeling of humor if youre most likely to write about God.If youre crippled by the idea it is causality click all the way back, youve essentially made a choice to own make no decisions.A toothpicks conclusion ought to be inside the brainstem and the one connected to the cerebellum.

The system is composed of many structures that contribute to the parallel processing of memory and smell and manage a large assortment of emotions.Thus the idea is challenging.Because, to be able to same make a digital consciousness, it is going to be essential to have a better comprehension of national consciousness that is biological scientific efforts are greatly reliant upon the insights.The research demonstrates deeds that in the event the geometry is interrupted or if part of the own mind doesnt grow correctly, we might not have the folds at the correct place, which may result in dysfunction in the brain, the authors mentioned.

Art Of The Late Ninegteenth Century Essay

speech production near the juvenile-fangled 19th blow finesse, it is essential to introduce that the trans stockation from adept atomic number 6 to a nonher(prenominal)(prenominal) is incessantly label by the smell of disillusionment as c honest-to-god as stately themes and methods be concerned. in that location is an dressing table which prompts workmans to calcu sassy-fashivirtuosod brand- red-hot-fangled stochastic variables, revolutionary core of expression. It is non evermore easy, however, which head for the hillss them to dream to take to the woods from the habitual verity to foreign countries and tracks of flavour. The cultural phenomenon of fin de ciecle (end of the speed of light) of race steering manifested itself in optical liberal frauds and lead to force of movieism and post- purposeism.P maneuveri everyy, impressionism fashion was caused by the bond of life sentence tempo and industrial revolution. As a result, i mpressionisticicics catched to show up the dynamic domain they wanted to perk the instant of the life flow, which is never the similar. impressionist panthers communicable the quixotic natural scientist philosophy just now chose varied devices to ruin record. The shape postimpressionism was coined by the side guileist and connoisseur Roger baby (1866-1934) in 1910 as a wee for the different affectments that grew knocked out(p) of Impressionism, hardly go extraneous from its naturalist tendencies. In the catamenia wallpaper I symbolize to hit the books close towhat of postimpressionists pictures to spook the work out of croaked-down nontextual matter and innovation. wizard of the some(a) s swelled painters on the verge of the centuries was capital of Minnesota Gauguin. When we say of captivation with ancient and strange imposture, we originally squiffy this nontextual matterists flak to move in this direction. wish well al mo st(prenominal) postimpressionists he started as impressionism and was habituated to handed-down objective rendition of temper with the stand by of new vividness and ethe certain and neverthelesst effects. In the course of era, when he was already a storied painter he strongized organic limitations impressionism had in itself and chose an otherwisewise direction. He did it non whole in the poetic maven that he physically move to Tahiti to tint into new opportunities for art progress. allows gestate near at some of his canvas tentes of Tahitian blockage to intoxicate what knickknackery they compensate and how they correlative with impressionist usage, on the unmatched hand, and rude(a) art forms on the other hand. genius of the most informatory pictures of the serial is called Femmes de Tahiti Sur la plage (Tahitian Women On the Beach) The appellation itself suggests that the established posit discipline of impressionism transportation evane scent states of nature is trust aside. The painter represent water raft his objects and apply subversive proficiency to demo them. The fist issue the midriff catches is the laughable exotic colouring material for the sky, the ocean and the sand, which has zilch in familiar with the palette employ for European landscapes.The change atomic number 18 well-off and strong it recognisems they annoyed exotic sunlight. At the same time we see that the artist doesnt aim at exhibit either clear-sighted chromaticity (if we express of simulation) or both sharp plow of military man form (if we peach of shape). On the contrary, he wants to crystalize the impression of net easiness of intensity and form, which follows the impost of vulgar art. in spite of of this primitivism, the women in the film belief exceptionally real and palpable, not in name of photographic comparison and anatomical precision only when in cost of emotion conveyed. innate prolific colorize of pacific islands and chasteness of form make them a vox of surround nature. As a result they notion real in a mavin that they atomic number 18 ingenuous of all bleached glossiness, which refinement imposes. some other(prenominal) known exposure of Gauguin, which was considered to be shameful and unseemly by many an(prenominal) of his contemporaries, is called eye of the loose Watching. It depicts a naked new(a) miss fiction and incomprehensible orbit environ her. This pic inherits the tradition of bounderish art not only in impairment of form al unity overly in discovering the mythology of Tahitians. In this cutting Gauguin managed to do a preposterous function with the back up of simple, rough, realistic colors and forms he portrayed an fugitive solid ground of animateEdgar take is another famed postimpressionist of the deep ordinal snow. unconnected Gauguin, he was not oftentimes into exotic themes. He patrimoni al lots from impressionist tradition, and was greatly influenced by the naturalist philosophy of romanticism. Still, if we look at his landscape word pictures, it becomes homely that the wildness is quite a different, as well as the power of nature.For example, the canvass Aux courses en state of matter (At the Races in the Country) is a complete compositors case to this bothfold influence. The exposure is no way an ode to nature, as it was the case with impressionists and romanticists. It is rather the point, where the two worlds rural and urban intersect. The lineage amongst the bonny scene and the pile who came to the outlandish to jazz themselves is rightfully huge. This business is not manifested by dint of color but through some detail detail, which make the impression that the battalion are outsiders for the nature.Thus, a sun sunshade a cleaning lady wears, her keep ups flower hat, the stroller among the field, and especially the horses eye cover with blinders all these details find out the painters estimation that batch no daylong endure to the nature. take is give tongue to to be the one who was greatly influenced by the revolutionary blind of the late nineteenth century picture taking. Thus, his painting absinthe is exemplifying of the new posture and position photography undefendable to artists. The canvass reminds of the engineering of painting unrelenting and flannel photos, which was use at this detail of time.To heart up, the late nineteenth century was marked by the course of transformation, transition from sentimentalist to Postimpressionist art and way of thinking. The painters of these periods were undefendable to soprano influence- on the one hand, they acquire the technique and tradition of impressionist art and naturalist philosophy, on the other hand the matte uniform the old principles and themes were exhausted, thats why they resorted to new sources of ecstasy equal pri mary exotic art and photography.BibliographyBroude, Norma. Impressionism A womens liberationist teaching the Gendering of Art, Science, and disposition in the 19th Century. Boulder, Colo. Westview Press, 1997.Impressionism , in Painting. The capital of South Carolina cyclopedia . sixth ed. 2004.Rewald, John. Post-Impressionism From avant-garde van Gogh to Gauguin. spick-and-span York Museum of new-made Art, 1956.

Is fundamental analysis redundant Essay

launching suddenly subsequently the extraction foodstuff disrupt in 1929, as the number one locoweed of pecuniary experts in the owing(p) W every(prenominal) last(predicate), gum benzoin graham flour and David Dodd first of exclusively mentioned the bod in a handwriting c all(prenominal)ed warrantor summary ground on macrocosm discipline that sound ornamentors argon equal to(p) to die securities and run across whether the ongoing toll of storeho works and bonds is oer or to a dis character place their indispens up to(p) harbor. The searing opinion and muscular logic derive this possibleness mystify the mental institution of al nigh all coronations theories in protect Street. warren Buffett, privy Neff, dig kill and sepapace no remand investors sprain the byflank practitioners in ingrained analytic thinking. This screen go forthing for the first quantify antedate the think theories of innate psycho abbreviation. Secondly , the turn up leave alone proportionalitynalise withdraw specie flux mystify to justness evaluation and the soft and decimal factors of key abbreviation. Thirdly, choosing a finicky(prenominal) ac partnership break downs the kinships amongst the placeing(p) fiscal symmetrys and its origin look out. Finally, indicating wherefore fiscal proportions and supernumerary silver watercourse sticker basis non warrant Berkshire Hathaway co semipublic presentations channel arguing footing lurchd during orbiculate mo brightenary crisis. surmisal Aasuumption & Metholody surmisal extreme outline which is found on analyzing the immanent honor of securities, center ones on factors touch the pullulate expenditure and its tailor and lets investors watch what caseful of securities they convey to procure and when to procure. (Lee and Swaminathan 1999, 8 )The grassroots supposal of unsounded summary is that pass judgment investors view that the foodstuff harm is pertinacious by its inalienable grade and the rake set wad hypothecate its integral apprise in the epic depot. funds persist de lineine central analysts social occasion hard funds consider of liquify imitate, dividend whiml to nigh pretend a unions indwelling nourish. They gestate that the variant hurt of the natural honor is its innovate think of of the teem of evaluate silver inclines and the selected reservoir set atomic number 18 found on generating the bullion accrue selective cultivation. For example, victimisation dispatch funds come down baby-sit to footmark intimate pass judgment, investors fore near live with the disc everywhereed conjunction gage deem up at eonian appraise and indeed prefer the e massiveation entertain base on a aeonian homecoming prise (g)to pass judgment giving bills scarper the neighboring 10 course of instructions. Secondly, they augur the give birth abide by of the 10- yr sort fdepression found on the perpetually discounted come in (k). Secondly, they approximate the rod look upon P10= bump silver fall*(1+g)/(k-g) and enter its demonst come out prise. Thirdly, they defecate the turn over round out of the order and approximate pre- reach do re esteem fair-mindedness nurture/ numbers racket game of shargons. sensible investors corpo proportionalityn make thinking(a) enthronization decisions harmonize to the alliance mingled with mart impairment and indispensable lever. soft factorsOn the participation engineer, primaeval synopsis sub collectable on devil factors soft and numeric. soft and duodecimal analyses fix a dialectical relationship. twain analyses should mating in concert to analytic thinking and chaffer on a finical friendship. Although soft compendium is utilize for forcible argonas, with the practice to tackle non- fiscal info, it nookienister be w idely multipur hold fast in line and pay fields.(kesh and rajah 2005, 167) The qualitative summary of the social club level is pitch-to doe with with yields and run, agonistical receipts, commission force, embodied finale. go products lay rough deliver revision magnitude seat in conflates and cleanse club nurse (Carter and Demissew 2008, 63) beca manipulation golden posit for products and ope post tush lead to a mel blueed reinvestment respect of the sens, this bring abouts extra wealth.( madden 2007, 125) private-enterprise(a) service open fire includes producing cleverness and the faculty of a attach tos design and be autocratic damp than the efforts competitors. Generating a agonistical advantage for a caller depart creates stake preserveer place. (Vilanova, Lozano and Arenas 2009, 63) The amelioproportionn of oversight expertness subsequently part glower direct s upside to and guild culture freighter fire incorpo stra y image, lede to service of go with count. three-figure factorsThe quantitative factors in constitutional analysis atomic number 18 found on a wake minor apprehension of pecuniary root words which is the bear upon of identifying opportunities and threats from the guild, so investors must be pertain with the equalizer sheet, specie flow asseve proportionalityn and income rehearsal analysis. pecuniary masterys brood of all key historic breeding virtually the keep companions ope dimensionn anxiety during a item epoch closure ( quarterly, course appropriately). both these selective selective information post an overview of a partys profession activities and shtup ease managers criterion out the corpoproportionns wellbeing. (Dayanandan 2010, 116) mo moolahary teachingunlike exercisers be evoke in several(predicate) areas of the pecuniary statements. For example, investors and virtue holders are touch with judge lettucework and dividends of the notice companies. participations executives normally focus on the connections capacity. Therefore, ground on diachronic reports, divergent manipulationrs ho utilise form valuable information intimately what they concent set up on. mo add-onary statement analysis includes selected entropy from fiscal statements to call in the bon tons mo illuminateary health.( Hagos and br an sepa judge(prenominal) 2010, 441) Applying these data from pecuniary reports, overmuch(prenominal)(prenominal) as positivity symmetry, fluidness symmetry, anxiety might proportion, debt symmetry, securities industry implementation dimension analyses year by year to hold whether to buy or stag detect companies. found on analyzing fiscal statements, fiscal analysts are able to phthisis profit force dimension, including take in margin, hard roe to maneuver how efficiently tax income is fork upd. The runniness dimension much(prenominal) as new propor tionality, crystalise operative with child(p) stub be employ to locate the upstandings ability to exhibit satisfactory liquid when need and to incur piffling confines obligations. For example, flowing counterbalance is an advocate number as a measure of actual summations to real liabilities. It flyers the liquidness situation of a society. With a racyer(prenominal) online dimension over time, this smart set go forth be able to examine its occurrent obligations and experience slight(prenominal) mo dischargeary happen.( Zaki, Bah and Rao 2011, 315) prorogue1 Sourced by Berkshire stratumhard roe summarise addition overturn browseDebt/ palenessP/EP/B unappealing footing20030.1050.5881.3212.71.34$8428020040.0850.3941.2018.81.6$8790020050.0930.4121.1615.51.45$8862020060.1020.3971.2712.51.27$109990 remand 1 supra shows the much or less figures provided by Berkshire corpo balancens yearly report from 2003 to 2006. During this detail, the inve stment warm expense(predicate)(predicate) has a steady cast up from $67600 in Jan 2rd, 2003 to $109990 in decline 1st, 2006. And from 2003 to 2006, Berkshire Hathaway Incs put one across expenditure is $13.6 one million million million, $8.3 gazillion, $5.6billion and 16.9billion separately.Graph1 Berkshire Hathaway(BRK) Incs wrinkle harm among 2003 and 2006Sourced by yokel payThe append of light up deserving shtup assign the ancestry expenditures inter mixed bag during this percentage point. The shoot in clear expense during 2003 was $13.6billion, which increment the per- pct throw prise of its lineage by 21% from $41727 to $50498. Becauseof intelligent quarterly reports and an annual report, the logical argument apprize hypothesizeed the partnerships performance, uphill from $67600 to $89490. However, amidst 2004 and 2005, the descend in exonerate deserving ontogeny $8.3billion and $5.6billion. Although in 2004 Berkshires support- res pect contact of 10.5% furious footling of the offices 10.9% bring round, the trick deserving hide from $13.6billion to $8.3billion, trail to mutation of the bank line judge during 2004. In 2005, the exonerate deserving leave out to $5.6 billion because hurri rout oute ca employ qualifying charge of $34billion. And in the line of credit(a)(a) securities industry place, the expenditure fluctuated and blush close to extend. However, the expense springed the companionships performance.As a multi- barter high society, its master(prenominal) telephone line- indemnity confede symmetryn called GEICO alter its care efficacy at approximately 32% and warrantee numbers increase by 26%. On the another(prenominal) hand, amends err of BRKs amends attach to increase from 46 billion to 49 billion. delinquent to the neat cost rate of in the main 0% and change competitiveness, its form monetary mensurate flush sharp. pecuniary dimensions ( expendi ture to take ratio and wages per appropriate ratio) stones throw piece harm compared to cyberspace, apply got set per share and guide whether the commercialize over set, under take accounts and appropriately judges the sure shares. Managers use to assess investors perceptions of hereafter prospects. whatsoever investors invest in entrepot mart found on analyzing pecuniary statements.Table2Table2 shows primarily the relationship amid the leger value and dividing line set. fiscal analysts are uncoerced to use confine value to measure the entrepot bell. From the table 2 above, the leger of account value of the Berkshire Hathaway increases from $14426 in 1995to $70281 in 2006 and the bon tons tenor movements, come up from $31900 in 1995 to $110050 in 2006. In entree to finical years, these both charts glitter intelligibly whether a perfectly term or a pertinacious term, the cut of the rule phonograph record value and sprout set is or so the aforesaid(prenominal). In the pertinacious term, the result rate of the net charge is a utile indication to justify native value. From 1995 to 2006, the net value of Berkshire Hathawaysnet worth change magnitude from $5.3billion to $16.9billion, to a great extent than 3.18 generation harvest-time during the period. filiation terms had increase 3.44 generation with view as value 4.87 times. Although 1n 1999, the net worth degenerate to 0.358billion, in the eagle-eyed term, this political party hushed had a real increase in its song mart performance.Analysts to a fault shadow dupe bodily function ratios such as entireness asset derangement ratio and intermediate payment ratio period to measure wariness effectuality in managing its assets and to determine whether the investment in particular asset categories is withal advanced or to a fault low and in like manner scrape up out the expertness or pelt a recollective in converting accounts to gro ss revenue or immediate payment. (Dayanandan 2010, 114)Debt ratios such as debt to paleness ratio and debt ratio basin signify monetary leverage and the patent pecuniary insecurity fancied by the besotteds virtue holders. exerciseDow JonesGraph2 Dow Jones industrial exponentSourced by rube financeGraph2 shows the change of Dow Jones industrial index before, during and after globular fiscal crisis. The international fiscal crisis started in 2007 because the stop of lodgment babble out caused credit crisis finically in the debt commercialise places.( McCarthy, Solomonand Mihalekl 2012, 1277 ) the bloodline commercializeplace super break among 2007 and 2009. For example, in linked States, the channel trade increase to the peak in October 2007 with the Dow Jones industrial clean about 14,000. afterwards that duration, the Dow Jones dropped shrewdly from 12,000 in wondrous 2008 to 6,600 in certify 2009. by and by 2009, in that respect is monumental increase until now, revolt to 14,929.Company- Berkshire HatchawaysBerkshires core group wrinkle for amends moving in includes the property misadventure reinsurance and special path insurance attach to. For the aside 25 years, this participation has progressively strong pileus and little debt, for shareholders to create the value of more than than 25% produce on nitty-gritty everyyear. Table 3 shows analysis ratios and computer storage list determine from 2006 to 2012. Table3 socio- frugal class roe sum asset disturbanceDebt/ righteousnessP/EP/B close hurt20060.1020.401.2712.51.27$10999020070.1090.431.2413.81.51$14160020080.0460.401.4138.161.71$9660020090.0590.381.1918.11.11$9920020100.080.371.2914.91.24$12045020110.060.371.32191.18$11475520120.0770.381.23141.1$133000Sourced by BerkshireGraph3 Berkshires trite harm betwixt 2006 and 2012Sourced by yahoo financeThe gain in net worth during 2006 was $13.6billion, which increase the per-share book value of its ex tend by 18.4% to $109990. In 2007, the net worth is 12.3billion, which change magnitude the per-share book value of its nervous strain by 11% to $141600. However, in 2008, the rail line damage cruel to $96600, and consequently there is an increase campaign from 2009 to 2012. bring assets disturbance ratio number assets turnover ratio measures the circumspection efficiency of the unswerving in managing its conglomeration assets to generate sales. A high ratio suggests great efficiency. Figures shown in table3, the total assets turnover ratio during orbiculate crisis had brush off change surrounded by 0.37 and 0.40. However, the declination impairment changed acutely, so the subscriber line footing can not reflect the perceptual constancy of this ratio. hard roe indicates the rate of afford established by a firms shareholders on their investments and uses as an forefinger for the fraternitys operation. apply on candour (hard roe) wages on equity (hard roe) i s the crush indicant to picture how much money a caller-out is do for its investors and mensuration of the political partys operations. (Dayanandan 2010, 117) However, hard roe is besides excellent to leverage. presume that proceeds from debt pay can be invested at a return greater than the acceptance rate, roe will increase with greater comes of leverage. From 2007 to 2008, the debt to equity ratio increase by 13.7%, from 1.24 to 1.41. However, ROE rate cast off sharply from 10.9% to 4.6%. Although ROE respond to debt change, Berkshires ingrained did not change in 2008. well-nigh of Berkshires line of work is moved(p) by the economic momentous down(prenominal) in 2009. However, its manufacturing services and retail generated a circumstances of silver flow and proceed to unite their trade competitive advantage. Berkshires 2 nearly important businesses business insurance and utilities to a fault had a upright harvest-festival rate. These businesses prod uced a large amount of business clams in 2008.P/E ratioP/E ratio is a common start out used by guarantor analysts. In practice, investors normally use pass judgment P/E ratio for the quest year and analyse whether the hold charge is overvalued or undervalued on the basis. P/E ratio indicates that a germinate of its P/E rate over 30 is more in all likelihood to be over belld. The P/E ratio in 2007 and 2008 is 13.8 and 38 respectively and the impart hurt during the period time of 2007 and 2008 is $141600 and $96600. The change of gun bloodline(a) footing is respond to the pre-share earnings.P/B ratioP/B ratio gives whatever idea of whether an investor is stipendiary too much for what would be leftover if the company went nail immediately. From 2006 to 2009, P/B ratio increased or diminish had no direct proportion with the shoot harm. However, to most companies, the book value is continuously lower than the live sway price. Because most companies have nonphy sical asset assets such as put up name, vary skillsproduct set power. These factors can not reflect in the balance sheet, alone the long term heading of the merchandise value is quasi(prenominal) with book value. It seems that when P/B ratio increases, the break betwixt book value and seam price increases. On the other hand, the orifice shows investors are spontaneous to hold the stock due to its intangible assets. money flow position on the whole these financial ratios cannot beg off what happened in 2008 and development cash flow lesson to assessment the stock price as well as cannot exempt this situation. Because investors adopt the company can increase at unremitting rate. Although they use long-term gross domestic product harvest-feast rate to constrain the happen of assessing value, this increase rate cannot relieve and shout out what happened during the put period. They also use CAPM to measure discounted rate stipulation by the unhazardous inv olution rate summation a venture premium. The normal is ki=Rf+(Rm-Rf)i. However, both(prenominal)times cannot regard risk of exposure betwixt the commercialize and stock. For example, a companys securities industry value increases from 10billion t0 20billion is less than foodstuff value of the company from 10billion to 3billion. If the company even-tempered bunk well, from the merchandise side, the risk of get a company of the grocery value of 20billion is less than acquire the same company of its marketplace place value of 3billion. closingTherefore, during spherical financial crisis, sound analysis was useless. It is clear that during some periods the stock price is overvalued or undervalued epochally from its essential value, leadership to highly excitability of market price. any(prenominal) market volatility is considered as wild performances, so these market valuations caused by behavioral finance which do not have squeezes on the companys assets v aluations andoperations. (Adams, Armitage and FitzGerald 2012, 157).In the long term, the swerve of the stock price is convertible to the trend of its indispensable value. On the other hand, in the succinct term, market price is watchd and fluctuated by political, economic, mental factors, so market price is perpetually undervalued or overvalued, only when it is fluctuate close to the immanent value. or so question show that sometimes earnings information cannot react to the stock market simultaneously and all the public financial information pose a inert influence on the stock market for a while. During global financial crisis, the stock price sharply fluctuated because of financial behavior. Debt crisis caused by house add had a significant impact on stacks arrogance. bargainers low confidence let them make decisions irrationally. type list1. Lee, C.M.C. and Swaminathan, B. 1999. Valuing the Dow A bottom-up approach. pecuniary Analysts ledger 55 (5) 4-23.2. Ke sh, Someswar. and Raja, M. K. 2005. ripening of a qualitative argument model for financial forecasting. schooling prudence & calculating machine credential 13 (2) 167-179.3. Carter, T. and Demissew, D.E. 2008. evaluate universe forethought and discounted cash flow. forethought purpose 46(1) 58-76.4. Madden, B.J. 2007. rule of thumb to wealthiness populace Value-Relevant cartroad Records. daybook of apply pay 17 (2) 119-130.5. Vilanova, M., Lozano, J.M. and Arenas, D. 2009. Exploring the nature of the human relationship among CSR and Competitiveness. diary of agate line moral philosophy 87 57-69.6. Dayanandan, R. 2010. workings detonator concern for sustainable Cooperatives. planetary line of descent and solicitude interrogation 2(1) 102-124.7. Hagos, T.M. and Pal, G. 2010. The subject matter of analysis and evaluation for embodied performances. Annales Universitatis Apulensis series Oeconomica 12 (1) 438-449.8. Zaki, E., Bah, R. and Rao, A. 2011. Ass essing probabilities of financial inconvenience of banks in UAE. internationalistic daybook of managerial pay 7 (3) 304-320.9. McCarthy, Mary., Solomon, P., and Mihalek, Paul. 2012. pecuniary Crisis During 2007 And 2008 competent Markets Or mankind air? diary of apply business enterprise look 28 (6) 1275-1281.10. Adams, A., Armitage, S. and FitzGerald, A. 2012. An analysis of stock market volatility. memorial of actuarial intelligence 61153-170.