Electronic Bill Presentment and Payment

Electronic Bill Presentment and Payment (EBPP) is the term used to describe the capability to present bills to customers and to facilitate their payment by electronic means. EBPP offers the opportunity to eliminate the costs associated with printing paper bills, reduce delivery delays and provide a channel for two way communication between suppliers and their customers on a one-to-one basis. From the customers’ perspective, EBPP can provide a simple way to manage and automate the payment of bills. EBPP Models There are five main types of EBPP service provided: 1.The Biller Direct Model in which billers provide their bills on their respective personalized web sites. 2.The Consolidator Model in which service providers allow customers to access and process bills from multiple billers. Within the consolidator model there are several sub-models these include: a)The Consolidator – Thin Client Model provides a site to which billers send their invoices for the customer to view at their leisure. Information at this site is summarized and the customer must visit the billers personal site to examine their bills in detail. b)The Consolidator – Thick Client Model provides billers with a site that host all the billers information. In this model paper bill scanning is not supported. c)The Customer Consolidator Model follows the same blueprint as the thick consolidator model but accepts both electronic and paper scanned bills offering the capability of viewing any bill online. The theory behind this model is that it will attract as many customers as possible in the short term and then streamline to purely electronic methods in the long term. d)The Consolidator Portal Model is a thin client consolidator model but hosted through a popular portal site, such as Yahoo. e)The Financial Institution Model like the portal model acts as a hosting site for consolidated bills. As the bills are placed on the customers bank site payment processing is speeded up while customer affinity with bill payment and banks strengthens consumer acquiescence. 3.The Consumer Centric Aggregator Model. Similar to the consolidator models yet different enough to be considered a separate EBPP approach. The CCA model shares many affinities with the banking consolidator model where billers send their invoices to the CCA site, rather than the consumer, and are paid directly from the site. The approach is equivalent in principle to Direct Debit payments in the UK. 4.The Email Based Model. In this model detailed invoices containing rich text graphics are sent to the customer then linked back to sites for online payment or detailed bill viewing. The medium may include intrusive direct marketing messages. 5.The Service Bureau Model. This model type is a new development in the world of EBPP and facilitates connection to large-scale consolidators for SME companies. In essence the Service Bureau manages its customers needs and offers an ASP model of EBPP.

Through a Different Perspective

Asian and Asian American culture are historically known for having a strict, distinctive boundary between the traditional roles of women and men, where, In the domestic sphere, women are submissive to male authority figures, which are typically embodied in the father or husband. One well known example that calls to mind this subordination of women to men is China's one-child policy, which often leads to ill treatment, abandonment or leaving up for adoption of female infants and children as a result of wanting a male child to lead the family and carry on the family name.While this might be a more extreme result of this stereotype, there are many other similar historical stereotypes that subordinate the woman to the man In Asian and Aslant American culture. Regardless of historical stereotypes, however, It Is clear to many individuals today that times are changing and causing culture to shift. One accessible way of highlighting the degree to which Asian and Asian American culture has c hanged from past to present is through film.Alice Wow's Saving Face and Ketene Meat's Spices note a number of historical stereotypes, but more importantly, they pen up dialogue about the slightly functions of female and male roles. Through the combination of symbol and metaphor, setting and situation, and most Importantly, contrast between traditional and non-traditional, Alice Www and Ketene Meta enable a different understanding of Asian and Asian American femininity and masculinity in their respective films, Saving Face and Spices.Several historical stereotypes characterize traditional Asian and Asian American culture; Alice Www and Ketene Meta address these stereotypes and more. Many historical stereotypes of Aslant and Asian American culture revolve around the way a Oman should act in and outside of marriage and the way In which her Individual role contributes to the identity of a given cultural or familial group. Both Www and Meta present the traditional heterosexual married co uple where the husband's word is comparable to law.In Saving Face, Www provides the grandparents and although the grandmother can offer her input and opinion to her husband, when it comes to serious matters like kicking out their daughter as a result of an illegitimate child, which goes against another stereotype, the grandfather's decision holds fast. In pieces, Meta presents Sarasota and the mukluk, where the authority of the husband's word is even more evident.Stereotypically, the wife and husband are also either fairly close in age or the husband is older. Other obvious historical stereotypes relate to how a woman should act in general. According to stereotypical Asian and Asian American culture, the woman should dress femininely and be passive and non- defiant, not only to the dominant male figure In her life, but In general as well. Historically, women could not receive an education either.Altogether, this creates the tropically impression of an Asian or Asian American woman w ith little or no personal identity, but rather an identity where she blends into the cultural group she is a part of. Historical stereotypes of Asian and Asian American men revolve around his status as an authority figure in the family. He generally has a very dominant and controlling point of view and way of interacting with his family. By addressing these points historical stereotypes both directly and Indirectly and combining them with Asian American femininity and masculinity.Through setting and situation, Www and Meta heighten the contrast between satirical stereotype and changing times, thus allowing viewers to experience dynamic characters who change and come to exemplify transgressing individuals, as opposed to having only static characters that are stuck in a historically stereotypical mentality. Saving Face is set in what seems to be modern day New York, where diversity in all forms is represented. The openness of thought in this setting creates all sorts of situations tha t are starkly different from traditional Asian and Asian American stereotypes, which shy in comparison in the film.For example, the introduction of an African American best friend in the form of Jay, which the mother meets and initially Judges close-minded because of his differing race turns into a situation later on in the film where the two of them are sitting side by side on the couch sharing the experience of an Asian television show. There are also more subtle situations where anti-stereotypical, and even transgressing, thought is expressed.Another such example is the instance when the grandmother mentions how Wig's more masculine attire is fine for a woman. These situations and similar ones pugnaciously give viewers a different understanding of how times are changing, especially in relation to Asian and Asian American femininity and masculinity, thus opening up viewers' thoughts to other, more transgressing situations like LIGHT issues surrounding Wig's official coming out and her acceptance into her family, as well as the idea of an illegitimate child to a much younger man.In a setting full of diversity like that in Saving Face, the unique characteristics of each individual are heightened, thus eventually giving Will the â€Å"validated[ion] for both [her] ethnic and lesbian/gay densities† and a â€Å"sense of social belonging and group cohesion† that Connie S. Chain notes are usually afforded as a result of coming out (Chain, 241).Proof of this success of both sexual and ethnic identity comes at the end of the film where the dance party, a common part of the Asian American community represented in the film, accommodates all the transgressors and accepts them, ultimately dismissing those who do not accept them by having them leave the party. In contrast, the setting of Meat's Spices is one of rigidity and at its most basic level, uniformity. It is set in sass India, a period of British colonialism, which enforces the ideas of oppression an d fear of resistance (Shores, April 9, 2014).This setting makes any type of resistance all the more outlandish and outrageous, thus drawing attention to the transgressing women and men in the film and the way in which they struggle to break historical stereotypes and gender norms. The setting of the film allows for the placement of the â€Å"all-powerful Subdued†, who exemplifies not only overbearing characteristics of colonialism, but more generally speaking, the sexual dominance of the Asian man over the Asian woman (Shores, 251).The Much plays a similar role but really expounds upon the domestic dominance an Asian or Asian American husband stereotypically has over his wife. To contrast these static characters who continue to represent these aspects throughout the duration of the film, Meta introduces transgressing men such as Master's and ABA Mania who both have more enlightened ways of thinking in comparison to the other male characters. The stark difference in these two different sets of men, again, highlights the more of Asian and Asian American femininity and masculinity.In terms of female ranginess, this is even more evident than male transgression because of the way in which females are naturally expected to be non-defiant, especially towards the men of power in their family and in the community they are a part of. In a way, Meta uses this play on power between the Subdued and Sinbad to empower Sinbad more. If â€Å"the Subdued wants Sinbad because of her defiance† and if â€Å"her resistances is a power that excites him,† Meta suggests that a woman who is not completely submissive is more desirable than one who is because of the way she can more equally challenge a male counterpart (Shores, 250).Similarly, Meta empowers Shirtwaist by giving her acts of transgression real purpose. Each of her transgressions from putting her daughter into school, to kicking the Much out of their house, to leading the protest against the Subdued and her husband are followed by strong protests, and even violence, from her husband, thus emphasizing the true strength and ability of a female through persistent resistance and the effect it has on the dominant male figure in her life.If a woman's role were to really be passive and unimportant, the man's word to the public would be final and the woman loud either be literally or figuratively silenced, however the Much constantly brings up the way in which her actions continually affect his political and communal appearance, thus depicting the existence of a permanent voice. While the settings of each of the films more directly set the tone for enabling a different understanding of Asian and Asian American femininity and masculinity, symbols and metaphor enhance this understanding on a more subconscious level.In Saving Face, Www constantly brings in the image of the face, both clear and unobstructed as well as partially hidden from view (Shores, April 2, 2014). The title even mentions the face as well. This constant symbol of the face suggests personal identity and in terms of this film, alludes to an identity not based solely on either sexuality or ethnicity, but rather a cohesion of â€Å"ethnic and lesbian/gay identities† (Chain, 241). The recurrence of the image of the face hints at the importance of individual identity, especially for what would be transgressors of historical stereotypes.There is a constant reminder about the image one gives to the public and the way it differs from one's true self. A symbol that enhances a different understanding in Spices, is the symbol, or trope, of the chili pepper. The chili peppers â€Å"symbolize women's sexuality,† but more importantly, they not only â€Å"offer a literal and metaphoric form of resistance,† but also come to symbolize the power of colonialism and violent dominance in general because of their blood red color (Shores, 247).The scenes where Sinbad runs through and over the chili pep pers and falls down symbolizes the success of colonialism and the way in which it has led to the overcoming of not only villages as a whole, but also the women themselves. At the name time, however, Sinbad gets up and continues to run over the chili peppers, showing how colonialism and oppression are overcome.By the end of the film, it is the very symbol of colonialism and violence that causes the women to come together in resistance against the Subdued, thus showing how colonialism and oppression become the very reason and purpose behind resistance, essentially acting as a spearhead against whoever imposes those things to begin with. In a more literal way become the literal weapons against the Subdued, who â€Å"embodies the colonizers power† (Shores, 249).Through this change in purpose of the symbol of chili peppers as a result of the unification of transgressing thought personified in Sinbad, Shirtwaist, ABA Mania, and the women who eventually come to use the ground up chi li powder as a weapon, viewers come to a subconscious realization of a different understanding of Asian and Asian American femininity and masculinity and the way in which this understanding is truly sculpted at the hands of those who are oppressed as they come to face and conquer their oppressors.Alice Www and Ketene Meta use these various strategies and more in their exceptive films, Saving Face and Spices to enable a different understanding of Asian and Asian American femininity and masculinity. By enabling these different understandings, they break historical stereotypes of Asian and Asian American women and men and empower females in a way that gives them a starkly different image than what is commonly attributed to them.

Patient satisfaction from physicians' communication Essay

Patient satisfaction from physicians' communication - Essay Example To this end they emphasis on the patient care model which places great emphasis on open enquiry, reflective listening and empathy as one of the most effective and important ways of responding to the diverse patient needs. In the HCPC Standards of Proficiency   (2013 p.8) Standard 8, ‘Be able to communicate effectively’, 8.3 states that a   physiotherapist must:   â€Å"Understand how communication skills affect assessment and engagement of service users and how the means of communication   should be modified to address and take account of factors such as age,   capacity, learning ability and physical ability.† As a result, this paper attempts to establish why effective communication between the patient and doctor is crucial by examining different case scenarios and evaluating the role communication plays, not only just in the physiotherapist context, but also in the healthcare system in general. Verbal communication between doctors and their clients is r ecognized as a core part of care and in conventional scenarios it is easy to decode and analyses, and this is because it is discrete in nature and has clear endpoints. However, for doctors to be effective at it, they must have good interpersonal skills such that they can make the patient feel at ease and encourage them to open up with alarming them, sounding rude or stereotypical.  Ã‚   In their discourse, they should ensure they show empathy and attention to the patient’s situation and be capable of managing the patient’s expectations without discouraging them (Larsen and Smith 1981).

Compare and Contrast Various Research Concepts Paper

Compare and Contrast Various Concepts - Research Paper Example Research is thus vital to an organization to get access in to right information, on right time and about right events in right ways. Most business organizations spend relatively a good amount of its earnings on research, mostly through the ‘Research and Development’ departments. Knowing deeply about the world around the business, especially regarding competitors, customers, other relevant stakeholders, technology, economic and political environments etc, helps a business plan strategically and effectively to serve its people better. This piece of research paper explains various research concepts, based on reviewing the literatures and compares and contrasts these different concepts. This paper addresses basic concepts of business research, applied and basic research, manager and the consultant researcher, hallmarks of scientific research etc. Business Research Research is a process of seeking information to find solution to a problem after thoroughly studying and analyzi ng situational factors (Sekaran, 2003, p. 42). Managers or specialized team assigned by the managers in most organizations engage in studying and analyzing organizational issues in order to find better solutions to it and help the organization run smoothly. A business organization cannot take decisions on important issues unless the manager or any other body assigned for it investigate the relevant information more deeply, mainly by collecting information on particular aspects that the business is interested on them. The information thus collected can be used to make judgment regarding right solution to the problem. Research normally includes a number of difficult processes such as situation analysis, data collection, hypothesis development, quantitative or qualitative analysis and presenting the findings etc. Concepts of Basic and Applied Research Though research is normally conducted for large numbers of different purposes, literatures identify two different purposes for research, namely basic research and applied research. Research may be conducted for different purposes like assessing business performance, measuring financial strength, finding financial viability, recognizing human capital productivity, assessing the effectiveness of specific organizational programs like training, development etc. These are quite different examples for some issues or problems that a firm generally requires to find solution to and bring them under control. All these different types of purposes fall in to one of basic or applied research. Basic and Applied research: Compared and Contrasted A manager or researcher may undertake the research to solve a current problem that he currently faces in his organization. the problem he or the firm faces requires a timely and more often an immediate solution. Applied research is thus one that attempts to find solution to a current problem faced by the organization (Sekaran, 2003, p. 7). Basic research focuses on generating a knowledge b ase that can be used to comprehend a problem likely to occur in the organization in future. The organization does not currently face a problem, but it is very likely that it would face issues like financial or managerial in its future and therefore it requires to create information that can be used to analyze and solve the problems. Thomas, Nelson and Silverman (2010) described that the concept of research can be viewed through two different extremes- basic research and

How movies affect the audience Term Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

How movies affect the audience - Term Paper Example For example, most films in Bollywood in India feature more on strong family values. There are only little or no sex and violent scenes. In Nollywood, located in Nigeria, most films have their basis on the reality that most Africans face, such as family struggles, faith conflicts and achieving a balance between modernity and traditional values. In most cases, the films are depicted in a satirical outlook. The South Korean film industry also focuses on what most Asians go through, the historical and personal impacts of life events. In all these film industries, the films have had an impact on viewers. For example, films in Nigeria have raised concerns in most African countries with people worrying that there will be â€Å"Nigerianization† of their cultures given that their films possess a lot of Nigerian culture and dialect. How does the effect of the film impact on the audience? In Hollywood, perhaps the films cannot be said to have the same effect such as making the rest of Europe â€Å"Americanized†, but the effect is still notable. Even when a person is one of the healthiest, watching certain films is likely to have an effect on a person in ways they cannot imagine. The films have cuts, camera angles and scenes that change and these are the film aspects that have an effect on human behavior, views and decision-making process (Plantinga, 2009). Admittedly most people are never conscious about the cuts that film editors make in a film. Camera angles also change so many times in a scene, but people are usually too engulfed in the film to notice such changes. To keep most audiences in America and the rest of the world entertained, filmmakers are well aware that making certain shift cuts in certain scenes have more impact than if the same cuts are made in other scenes of a film. Cutting that occur s in the films might seem very unrealistic, but moving the

Rhetoric Criticism Article Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Rhetoric Criticism - Article Example entitled What it Means to be Colored in the Capital of the U.S. at the United Women’s Club, expressing her views about what was happening then. In this speech, Terrell used Aristotelian forensic rhetoric to present her version of injustice towards colored people in order to increase awareness to their rights and to acquire them. According to Aristotle, forensic rhetoric uses facts to attack or defend, making the audience a judge of what has been done in the past. In Terrell’s speech, she talks about various challenges she has been through as a colored woman and the experiences of others as well in order to show the injustices committed against colored men. She begins with the instances that happened to her or those which she observed and considered to be most possible in her condition as a Black woman. She mentions that there is no other race treated as the Blacks, who may walk the streets to the White House without being fed or accepted in a house, hotel or restaurant. She exposes that even if one has money to buy food or pay for a decent room to stay for the night, if that person is Black, he would not be entertained at all. In a rather ironic tone, Terell points out that even if she were to enter the house of God where color and culture should not be a problem or where love and equality should be most evident, she, as a colored person, would not be given a welcoming reception as expected. This shows that even the very persons who proclaim equality and love, can be void of what they preach when it comes to colored people and the speaker considers this as an injustice. Concerning work, America has always been perceived as a land of promise because of its vast lands and various opportunities. However, to the Blacks, it is not so. According to Terell, there are many able and qualified Black men and women who are highly qualified to do white collar jobs. Nevertheless, color seems to be a hindrance to them. The writer speaks further about this issue by presenting the experience of a young woman who was a rising literary star. She applied to work as stenographer at a company and proving herself to be the best candidate for the job; she was invited in for the interview. Contrary to what the young Black woman expected, she was not given the job because of her color and instead, she was advised to do menial work as that is what the society expects from colored people. Such are the facts Terrell knew about a colored man’s life which she expressed in a compelling manner. â€Å"Her speech isn't as long as others, but it is effective in getting her message across, that there is an abundance of prejudice in America† (Johnston, 2001). She did not merely state examples of injustices that happened to her or a handful of her people but includes the whole community of Black people regardless of their economic status, religion, education and views. Terell used the Association theory by expounding on a specific experience of one person before proceeding to include others in her discussion. For instance, after mentioning the highly qualified applicant who was not given the job of a stenographer, she goes on to speak on a general note, including all the colored women in her discussion of employment opportunities. She says that Black women are not given the fair chance to get employment

Nigerian politics and culture Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Nigerian politics and culture - Research Paper Example Corruption is one of the problems that all countries around the globe are fighting with. It is evident from research that every country currently has formed a commission of enquiry to investigate on corruption, hence proving the challenge as a drawback. It entails the diversion of public/ proprietors funds or property into private ownership without the owners consent. Corruption encompasses rampant issues that should be duly defined to create a comprehension of its concepts to every individual in order to effectively curb the problem. More over, recent research has really focused on establishing the major causes of corruption, which include; poor government policies, endowment of natural resources, culture, politics as well as sociological factors. Furthermore, great impacts are experienced in a society dominated by corrupt enabling systems. These include an overall economic recession, inadequacy of peace and unity, wastage of time etc. However, the style and path corruption takes di ffers in different contexts depending on the root cause, control methodologies employed etc. Nevertheless, Nigeria has been long known for its extraordinary domination by corruption of all forms (Izibili and Aiya, 2007). The discussion in this paper offers a comprehensive research on corruption in Nigeria. Provision of a general overview of corruption and its definitive issues is vital in this case. It will also give a recap on nature and characteristics of corruption in Nigeria. More over, it will seek to establish the causes as well as the impacts of corruption in Nigeria. An overview of corruption and definitive issues Corruption is a form of funds or property misappropriation within an organization/ government or even between individual partnerships. It involves the process of securing power or material wealth through illegal means by individuals for personal gain. In the broad sense of view, two parties (a supplier and a demander) are often involved in a corruption deal when th ey arrange to exchange something illegally. In this case, the allocation of the property of exchange is done immediately or in future as well as facilitation of private gain facilitation at the expense of public property (Osoba, 1996). Innumerable styles are utilized in corruption in Nigeria. Misappropriation of public funds into private accounts by government officials is a common phenomenon in Nigerian corruption. Collection of bribes by police officers from people in order that they execute some of their duties is also rampant. In addition, most authorities may collect money illegally in the issuance of legal documents, for instance, passports, driving licenses, visas etc. Several models are available which describe directions that are commonly applied in corruption. The supply-initiated model involves the demander determining the course of the corruption. This is determined by the bribe-size, the desire of the briber as well as the time for the elision of such deals. The other i s the bribe-oriented model, which entails the setting of a particular price by the bribe. The fulfillment of such corruption models entails undergoing an opportunity cost by the briber in order that they may have an opportunity provided by bribes. Therefore, corruption takes a normal path that is