Minimum wages and unemployment level Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Minimum wages and un troth train - Essay Examplein the amount of marginal wage brings about reduction in the employment levels evidently seen with employment elasticity ranging from -0.1 to -0.2 amongst the teenagers and from -0.15 to -0.2 for the youths (Charles, 2002, p 89).Employers in a firm are bounded with the minimum wage rectitude which is meant to prevent the employers from paying their employees rate below the minimum wage. This law is widely use in the present day countries. In UK and the USA, this law was only applicable to the women and the children. The extended use of the law was influenced by the period of the great depression. If the objective of the minimum wage was to ensure that busy achieved a model(prenominal) standard of living, then some provisions had to be made for those who are retrenched (Flinn, 2010, p58-62).During the imposition of the minimum wage by the responsible bodies, firms within that jurisdiction would not be permitted to pay less than wha t the responsible organic structure mandates, for any service that they have received. For instance, this is when the governing body passes legislation that is meant to raise the wage bill from its initial of $6.72 per hour to $8.0 per hour. In line with the above minimum wages, at $8.0, supply of the labour service was 70,000 hours, that only 50,000 hours was what was in demand by the firms. Within a market with voluntary trade, the decisions of firms to hire its employees cannot be influenced with an external body, reason being the quantity of labour needed is normally established through the longing of the firm to buy but not the desire of the workers to sell (Joshua, 1999, p 123).Through the above banter there is an assumption that, increasing the amount of minimum wage in a country, the tot of employed individual would increase. In addition, there is an emerging possibility that everyone would be able to get a job. However, the number of hours that they initially worked wo uld be reduced. Putting this case into consideration, there would be rise in

Mcdonalds Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words

Mcdonalds - Essay ExampleIt is one of the most intumesce known and reputed brand and holds a leading share in the globally branded quick gain restaurant segment of the informal eating out in virtually every country where they thrust a presence. It has achieved this distinction through efficiency in its operations and proper functioning.Approximately 70% of McDonalds restaurants oecumenic are owned and operated by independent local men and women (Wikipedia). McDonalds offers flexible menus with contrastive tastes and different sizes to fit every active lifestyle. It has a global presence with successful expansion into 120 countries and they reply nearly 54 million customers each day. By 2001, they had 30,093 restaurants all over the world with sales of $24 billion. They offer both counter service and drive through service. McDonalds follows a different argumentation model from other fast fare chains. In addition to the franchisee fees, supplies and a percentage of sales, they also have rents partially linked to sales.Their international operations are very significant to them because a sizeable hazard of revenue is generated through franchisees. While the US and Europe each broadsheet for 35% of the revenues, France, Germany and the UK collectively account for 60% of the total revenue (Orji, 2005). In Australia, China and Japan, they have 50% owned-affiliate account under the comeliness method which account for nearly 50% of the revenues. These six markets are the major markets for the company.While fast food meals based in burgers and fried chicken have been considered convenient, they have also been considered to be unhealthy. One of the reasons for the bulky number of allegation against McDonalds is that processed convenience foods contribute to obesity (Schrder & McEachern, 2006). This has led to several judicial proceeding proceedings against McDonalds. This demonstrates that they have not been socially conscious in their dealings.There have

Andrew Jackson was called the People's President Essay

Andrew Jackson was called the passels professorship - Essay ExampleJackson is by no means an easy person to understand and was a man of complexity and contradiction. He was considered both a true patriot and a traitor. Contradictions raged in every(prenominal) aspect of his life, although he was an eloquent writer, he could not spell and had poor sentence composition. While he was an excellent general, he knew lesser about war and slice he had a salubrious fad for discipline, he had no hesitation when it came to disobeying his own superiors . Consequently, concise definitions of his character are difficult to obtain, with many different, a good deal opposite personality traits being attributed to him. It is likely that this complexity in personality drove many of the semipolitical decisions he made. One personality trait however that is not ambiguous is that he was a strong and decisive man, making his own decisions rather than letting other people influence him. For example , on his destruction Jackson commented on having only two regrets One way in which Jackson worked strongly for the people was through the struggle for the National Bank. Jackson worked hard to rescind the charter of the federal bank, accept that the bank allowed for too much control to be placed in the hands of the elites, created the potential for the organisation to be controlled offshore interests as well as serving only to make the rich richer and having little benefit for the poor. In this venture, Jackson was indeed fighting for the rights of the people. However, one cannot consider that Jackson was always the Peoples President or that if he was, then it depends on which people are being referred to. Certainly, the endemic Americans suffered significantly during his terms as President. One of the first actions that Jackson made as President was the universe of the Removal Act, which was passed in 1830. This act gave the legal ability for the forcible removal of Native A mericans from much of their soil east of the Mississippi River, relocating them to an alternative territory to the west. Even prior to his presidency, the idea of obtaining Native American bestow was a focus for Jackson. As a politician, Jackson mostly represented the economic interests of the South, and consequently had a large involvement in the process of Native American removal . This act is often considered an handle of power, as it drove the Native Americans from the land of their heritage where they had strong spiritual ties. In addition, the move went flat against promises that had been made to the Native Americans in the past . Another important issue that occurred during the time of Jacksons presidency was that of the Nullification Crisis. High tariffs were in place on many manufactured goods imported from Europe. This significantly raised the price of these goods, which had an overwhelming negative effect on planters in the South. Critics argued that the tariffs cost the grey farmers, while providing significant benefits to industrialists in the north. Jackson had built his early political history on supporting the southern economy and was reported to be sympathetic towards the south. Nevertheless, he chose to instead support the laws of the Union, attempting to pass a posture Bill, which would enable him to use

Accounting Theory and Policy Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2250 words

accounting Theory and Policy - Essay ExampleGAAP and IFRS.The main reason for starting the debate was the serial of corporate s merchant shipdals in the U.S. where managers acted opportunistically to circumvent accounting rules to the detriment of investors, a result that accounting standards were supposed to foster in preventing. Standards were established to ensure that fiscal inform reflected the economic substance, not just the form, of transactions. However, auditors go outed different forms of reporting manipulation provided these were consistent with the interpretation of precise rules-based standards, allowing compliance with the form of financial reporting even as it failed to reflect the true economic substance of such transactions.Another reason for the debate is the move towards the need for lap because of the number of accounting standards currently in force, which creates problems related to time eminencess, compliance, comparability, and consistency. Accountants find rules-based (also called cookbook or checklist) standards too exact and time-consuming, causing delays in reporting, and unable to meet the challenges of a complex and fast-changing financial world. Rather than help accountants serve professional judgment and objectivity, having too many rules provide specific benchmarks that makes it easy for auditors to fulfil compliance in form precisely not in substance. Therefore, since principles are more general than detailed rules, FASB is of the opinion that create principles-based standards would make convergence easier and, at the same time, allow auditors to minimise the tendency of managers to engage in manipulations of inform financial results.Rules-based accounting standards-setting in the U.S. resulted from years of consultations regarding increasingly complex financial transactions. Companies and auditors asked for bright line rules, so-called because they contained precise numerical cut-off points supposedly to guide tra nsactions reporting. However, as the example of accounting for capital leases showed, companies form a way to use professional expertise, creative arrangements, and over-liberal judgment to circumvent the rules contained in a 450-page FASB chronicle to clarify the topic.Why do companies restructure transactions even in the face of bright line rules The main reason is that managing mesh can be beneficial for managers. Managers have incentives to look after their bear best interests, leading them to manipulate transactions if the benefits outweigh the costs such as taxes, penalties from SEC enforcement, and ease sheet reclassifications. Minimising costs would maximise profits and, in most cases, benefits to managers. Auditors also have incentives to earn as much revenues from their services, which may be affected by reporting manipulation, so they sometimes allow debt to be classified as equity (some auditing fees depend on company asset size). By maximising profits, earnings man ipulation also allows managers to keep their jobs, avoid shareholder lawsuits, and raise the share price so they can exercise stock options and earn higher salaries.Evidence shows that managers are more likely to manipulate financial reporting if there are precise (rules-based) accounting standards than when standards are flexible, and that auditors are more likely to allow this as long as the rules allow it. When there are no bright line rules, but only concepts-based standards, managers are less likely to engage in costly

Pollution of the worlds oceans and the impact on sea life Term Paper

Pollution of the worlds oceans and the impact on sea aliveness - Term Paper ExampleOveruse of nautical resources is based on the growing population at the coast which makes the piazza worse and is the main reason for the population problem that has hit naval and oceanic heart (Hofer, 2008). There be various marine pollutants such as sewage and other wastes that ar released into the oceans yet there is no facility to counter these. This does not only put at risk of infection marine life but to a fault human and wildlife. Tourism is also affected in the situation thus, low incomes. The pollution could be chemical, physical or biological mainly caused by human activities. evolution industries argon also a big involvement in the situation that has proved to be devastating. In or so parts, knowledge of the marine life is limited therefore they do not realize the dangers that are posed. The harm cause to marine ecosystems is an indirect or direct cause of human activity (Xheli laj, 2010). When around nutrients are introduced in marines, they cause diseases that affect species all over the ecosystem. For some organisms, these are some of the factors that accelerate their growth. These pollutants then affect marine habitats adversely so that marine life is in danger. Some of these nutrients crack food chains indoors the ecosystems causing adverse danger to marine life. Construction of marines leads to the demise of normal life that is very important to marine life. This destruction then causes depopulation of fish in the ocean. Overfishing worsens the situation everyday. When forefinger plants affect the temperature in oceans because of the heat produced in the process. This makes these area affected inhospitable and unfit for the marine environment. The species that are evolved there are then in danger because, they cannot survive in such an environment. Targeting particular species is also an environmental problem that leads to decreasing of the po pulation in the marines. Many chemicals end up in the destruction of marine life. They are taken up by planktons and benthos which are animals that are feeders within the ocean. This therefore destructs the life in these environments. This means that food chains will be interrupted. These chemicals introduce toxins to the marine life thus posing a danger through the feeding system. Pesticides also become quickly corporate into food that is taken by marine life. This slowly poisons these animals because, these chemicals are slowly absorbed into the food webs within which they feed. Once in the food, they can cause mutations or even diseases that are dangerous to marine life. This is calumniatory to human life as well as to marine life thus affecting the only food web. Toxic metals also introduced can cause biochemistry, unknown change to tissue matter or even affect the reproduction of these animals. Ships are also a source of pollution in marine life. This comes along when they s pill anoint in oceans thus causing devastating effects. They are toxic to, marine life and the effect could last a long period because, oils like crude oil are hard to clean (Katsioloudis, 2010). This means that the oil will last in the ocean for quite some time. Oil is also dark and opaque therefore, oil is blocks plants from sunlight. This denies them the ability to synthesize through population. Thick oil also sticks to some parts of sea animals thus making it difficult for them to perform some function. sea birds are the most affected because, oil sticks to their wings which makes it

Reasons for Undertaking Foreign Direct Investment by the Multinational Essay

Reasons for Undertaking Foreign account Investment by the Multinational Enterprise - Essay ExampleUnlike the small and medium sized enterprises that only stress to access exotic markets, the major concern of the multinational enterprises is to develop a global manufacturing capacity and correct their proximity to the major world markets (Graham & Spaulding, 2005). The foreign take on investitures provide a measure of ownership of house servant productive assets in a given prudence by foreign organizations (Economy Watch, 2010a). Classically, foreign direct enthronisation is a situation where a company from one country call fors a foreign physical investment by building a factory in another country (Graham and Spaulding, 2005). It is an investment in the attain of buildings, machinery, and equipment and it is opposed to portfolio investments that are considered indirect investments. Several factors drive firms to expand their operations to cut across different national and regional boundaries. MNEs establish foreign direct investments in response to the changing global and regional competition (Bartels & Crombrugghe, 2009, p.1). Foreign direct investments rear be a means of accessing new markets and marketing channels, diminution in costs of production, providing the organization with access to new skills, technologies and other resources, and sources of financing (Graham & Spaulding, 2005). To go global, the firms fag go under to make foreign direct investment, and this decision is in turn guided by a issue of factors that are considered the potential benefits of the approach. This paper provides a critical evaluation and discussion of some of the major factors that can drive a multinational enterprise to decide to undertake foreign direct investment in efforts to expand its operations and go global. The paper highlights on the benefits of foreign direct investments to the multinational enterprises. Reasons for establishing FDIs to MNEs Foreign Direct Investment has been associated greatly with the current trend that is observed towards globalization and internationalization of business operations. High growths of the economy and better economic performances in different parts of the world in the recent past can be attributed to the foreign direct investments by the multinational enterprises (Vardar, 2012). Significant growth has been seen in the flows of foreign direct investment especially into the developing countries in the last few decades (Graham & Spaulding, 2005). It becomes one of the drivers of globalization. With the developments that have been seen in the global business operations and global investment patterns, the concept of foreign direct investment has been expanded to admit alliances with local companies, foreign mergers and acquisition, or establishment of joint ventures in the foreign markets (a Watch, 2010). The foreign direct investor forget seek to have a controlling stake in these investments (IL IKEINVESTING, 2011). Cross-border investments have been in existence as early as the 1950s and different theories have been advanced to explain why the firms decided, and continue to make decisions, to internationalize their operations. In the recent pasts, countries have entered a habit of competition to attract more foreign direct i

Google Internship Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Google Internship - Essay ExampleAlthough this statement is in and of itself idyllic and rather broad, it is my understanding that Google represents just such a firm. As such, even a cursory analysis of the past reveals the fact that Google has consistently sought out means of developing solutions, engineering new approaches, and helping to connect the world to share the information that exists in a more liquified and complete manner. As such, seeking to be a part of a firm that prizes these aspects above except making money, is a dream that can only be realized with regards to an internship at Google. Therefore, it is my distinct promise and wish that my application for this position will be given consideration not only referable to the fact that I possess valuable skills and traits that could benefit Google, but due to the fact that I hand a desire to be a part of this entity and promote the values that it seeks to underscore within our

Describe an historical evolutionary concept and its impact on that Term Paper

Describe an historical evolutionary concept and its impact on that population(ie.Genetic drift or founder effect).Include how th - Term physical composition ExampleHowever, these lacunae in no sort takes away from the fact that evolution was and still is an ongoing, dynamic process. The softness to chart the human evolutionary process in a categorical manner does not ungenerous that the specie human sapiens is not subject to the laws of evolution, in spite of the diverse assumptions and hypotheses to the contrary. The very premiere such assumption is to do with the fossil records, the findings of which did not occur in a chronologic completelyy consistent manner. The earliest fossil record known to science is said to be Aegytopithecussp a small animal, the coat of a spaniel. This fauna is believed to be an ancestor of the humans, as also the modern apes, although quite distinct from all the other primates. It existed in the latter part of the Oligocene era, around 30 million y ears ago. Since the animal represent the dawn of apes as well as humans, it was termed the dawn ape. 10-15 million years passed before the lines leading(a) to the great apes and humans began to diverge. 20 million years ago Dryopithecusappe argond exhibiting ape like features and 5 million years later Ramapithecus entered the evolutionary arena. It is exactly these preferably long intervals of time about which we are completely dark about the onward momentum of the evolutionary process that make some state think that scientists have failed to categorically chart the human evolutionary process. ... 2001). The term is Leakeys own way of recognizing the intimate evolutionary relationship that existed among human beings, chimpanzees and gorillas (Gee, 2001). This he did in spite of the already mentioned gaps in time. there are other assumptions and arguments going around denying the importance or even prevalence of the laws of human evolution. This is a deliberate attempt to establ ish that humans are not subject to the laws of evolution and most are far fetched in the extreme. One theory going around and gaining ground, particularly in the United States subscribes to the Creationist assimilate of all living beings as depicted in the Genesis of Old Testament. They are more enkindle in discrediting evolution by the simple expedient of ignoring all discoveries of hominid fossils. As in many a(prenominal) a field of human endevour, hoaxes and mistakes can at times occur in science too. Creationists carmine pick such examples in an effort to prove that these hoaxes and mistakes are proof enough to establish the weakness of science and its theories, particularly the theory of evolution. This is a gross misinterpretation of the very nature of science which advances by learning from its mistakes and drawing confidence from its successes. The scientific method has this built-in, self- correcting mechanism which is a potent asset of science. each(prenominal) scie ntific hoaxes are soon exposed and rectified and those who do so are not creationists merely the scientists themselves. All that the creationists do is to read about such exposes in the newspapers and watch them on TV and carry that it was they who exposed them in the first place. Ironically, the modern Indian savant Osho, whose disciples hail more from the Occident rather than from the nation of his birth, when asked whether there was a

Renewable Technology Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Renewable Technology - Essay subjectClimate change and global warming are two major threats to the ecological balance. Over the past times 10 years, there is a continuous increase in the global climate that is melting the diametral sea ice in the arctic regions where the population of the polar bear is endangered (Dincer, 2007). As a result, scientists have cautioned policy makers on the continued use of fossil fuel that increases the concentration of carbon dioxide gas. This is the principal(prenominal) reason why policies are being set to encourage utilization of renewable materials. In the cleverness sector, people are encouraged to utilize the renewable sources of energy such as solar, biogas, hydropower and wind power. The times of power using these processes has little influence on the environment leading to the production of environmentally tender energy sources (Dincer, 2007).This paper deliver analyze the advantages and disadvantages of integrating various renewable energy sources into national galvanizing grid systems. In addition, this report will focus on environmental impact, costs involved, and load equilibrise (Anon, 2004). This will consider Solar, Wind, Hydro, and Biomass Electricity (including waste incineration) and any others of your choice. In order to achieve this objective, the analysis will examine evidence from literature existing on renewable energy. It will evaluate various sources of breeding such as websites, existing theories, case studies and empirical studies carried out on the topic. This approach will provide the vital data and information in regard to renewable energy.The benefits realized through the utilization of renewable energy are overwhelmingly high, especially on environmental protection. Currently, the renewable energy is being apply in the generation of electricity that is later fed to the national grid. This is satisfying the high demand for electricity in the world

MGT_3900 Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

MGT_3900 - Essay ExampleThe crease planning process requires a thorough analysis of the following areas.This is the introductory pose of the business plan. The section involves creating an outline of the business and its intentions. The kindle parties in a business plan will require knowing why the business exists. In order to make them aware of the business plan, the planner needs to include the following vital parts.This musical note involves clarifying what is more important to a business. Mission statement involves providing a clear purpose for the readers with the stage setting for the punt and will giving the business its new meaning. In order to do this, the business comes up with a comprehensive mission statement.Business overview is the summary of the present state of the business venture. Business overview describes the adept owners of the business venture and its classification. For instance, sole proprietorship, partnership, or corporation lists the business owners . In addition, this stage describes the kind of business, which the venture operates such as manufacturing, retailing, wholesale, service providing, or some combination.This is the second stage of making a business plan. This section discusses the market and the approach in which the business is going to take. Moreover, this section discusses market characteristics, target client profile, level of competition, and how the business is going to make maximum use of them to make a successful venture. This stage discusses various market forces such as supplier power, new competitors, substitute products, buyer power, industry rivalry, and regimen regulations.The third important stage of making a business plan is competitor assessment. The section involves a thorough analysis of the business competitors. This section involves defining the competitors and their profile by deeply looking into their strengths and weaknesses. In this section, the business plan discusses customer profile and their

How in the World Did THAT Get into my Home Essay

How in the World Did THAT Get into my Home - Essay example(Ayers 45)Raw materials, this is the primary source in staff of life production. It mainly concerns natural wealth and pulling aside of raw materials and working with farmers to grow w alter that is required to make dinero. Other raw material is water, this obtained from taps. Manufacture, the bread is manufactured in one of the leading bakeries in U.S.A. Process of making bread commence with throng all the necessary ingredients and storing them. Each ingredient has its own place waiting the time of becoming parting of batter. All the process of manufacturing is automated and monitored as is it a continuous transition from one stage to another. popsicle is baked in a tunnel-shaped oven and must be provided with a lot of vapor at the beginning. This heat the bread much faster so as to increase its size and to provide its softness nature.Packaging, bread is packaged in a flexible manner that provides high gauge, attractiv e presentation and conserving breads natural freshness. likewise bread is packed in various forms so to accommodate different consumer needs. So the appearance and quality of packaging in very important, this provides the standard that consumer want. Also quality ensures that bakeries bake the best each and any time. Packaging is also done properly for shipping so as to ensure that bread arrives safely. faulty packed breads can be easily damaged thus losing its consumer choice and value (Ayers 110)Display, the bread in the all sale was displayed in a way that is visually attractive from the consumers perspective. For instance using a Bakery display case to tell consumers varieties present. This kind of display provides for bake products to be easily sell as they are highly perishable. Display stand was also among the better tool for displaying in well-nigh part of the whole sale, this stand is taller than other items thus displaying more of the baked bread inside the whole sale . Scene of

Choose any contemporary theme and write a review of that theme by Essay

Choose any contemporary theme and write a review of that theme by using a variety of secondary sources. (Safety and Security in - Essay ExampleThis elevates the issue of sentry duty device in airports as of considerable concern in regions that are considered as major destinations for tourists. This paper looks into safety and security in airports in relation to tourism. Introduction The contemporary world has witnessed dramatic changes since the rise of globalization. ground on the heightened incidence and severity of act of menaceism related incidences, individuals feelings of safety (whether physical or psychological) have been challenged. The travel and tourism sector have considerably been bruised at various levels, accompanied by growing concerns on safety and security of destinations. The resultant sense of insecurity has yielded to increase screening indoors airports in a bid to thwart occurrence of any terrorism related incidences. Passengers and air charge are the two main entities that pose the highest treat to the security and safety of airports. Passengers are considered as a serious threat due to the increased number of terror activities occurring in airports (Sweet 2009, p.52). Even prior to the 9/11, the society was conscious of the risks associated with being at the wrong location at the wrong time however, the 9/11 attack brought to the limelight how interconnectedness of the world and the society was awakened to the risks occasioned by the interconnections. The global melody immediately launched tighter travel rules, restrictions, and regulations in a dramatic attempt to thwart a repetition of the incidence. The changes harbinger within the passenger travel experience right from check in to disembarking have been rendered non-negotiable. As a result, the process of travel has been made increasingly complex and time consuming (Sonmez, Apostolopoulos and Tarlow 1999, p.13). The safety and security of airports rest an ongoing challenge and continues to evolve as air traffic rises. The threat presented by crime and terrorism has over the years increased necessitating enhanced security and safety in airports. Indeed, the public has had an enhanced esthesia towards aviation and airport security owing to the concern that criminality may yield to vulnerabilities that could be utilize by terrorists. The central aim of airport security centres on preventing unlawful interference with the could yield to fatalities among the passengers and crowd major airports continue to be critical infrastructure for the health of the economy and battalions lives and livelihood, and the workable targets for the severe crimes and terrorism (Sonmez, Apostolopoulos and Tarlow 1999, p.14). Terrorism and crime are unique, but possibly overlap, but at its close fundamental place, an environment characterized by lax security can avail opportunities for terrorists to take advantage of the weaknesses in airport security. However, with the g rowing surveillance within airports, critics have argued that the heightened security screening at airports is increasingly heralding calamity to holiday travelers. Critics point out that government agencies pursuing to make journeys secure render plane trips unpleasant, which encourages people to take the option of travelling by road (where possible). Discussion Terrorists target airports largely because of the social and frugal damage that can arise once an airport has suffered a terror attack. The 9/11 terror attack motivated all leading airports to pay keen attention on improving the

God In You Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words

beau ideal In You - Essay ExampleDreams illuminate our lives however, the peaks are higher than the imagination. Jeremiah feels a great joy to come in in Gods work in the hearts and lives of people. God keeps his servants humble and saves them from temptation and self-centeredness. The veneration should be continuous and constant. The commitment is for life and our dreams should be greater than our memories. When disciples worry about the future and hold to see the Father, Jesus answers that the Father dwells in Him and He is acting on his behalf. Jesus told his disciples that each(prenominal) his words, the miracles he accomplished and all deeds are Gods actions, non His. Jesus Explains that his presence is not necessary, Gods work will continue and that they may even have greater acquirement than Him. He urges them to look in the future and not look back. Even though Jesus nip that his disciples can do greater work may be blasphemous, he invokes their beliefs and faith. In fa ct, the promise of doing greater work is linked to the coming of the Holy Spirit. However, Jesus had to leave for the Holy Spirit to come, which he clear explained to his disciples. T herefore Jesus crucifixion, then ascension, was followed by the pouring of the Holy Spirit that becomes the third part of the Trinity. whence Peter, filled with the Holy Spirit, said to them, Rulers of the people and elders of Israel If we this day are judged for a good deed through with(p) to a helpless man, by what means he has been made well, let it be known to you all, and to all the people of Israel, that by the name of Jesus Christ of Nazareth, whom you crucified, whom God raised from the dead, by Him this man stands here before you whole (NKJV, Acts 4 8-10).Jesus advocates the importance of the spiritual everywhere the material and the eternal over the temporal. Then Jesus, being filled with the

Fanatic perceptions Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Fanatic perceptions - Essay ExampleFanatic perceptionsSupport is important in every knowledge base of life. The support is given to players from fans. The fans have different types of antics that are used to lift up the players spirits and encourage them to endure. It is sure in the sense that this spirit lifting renders a subtle affect that helps the players clear on with the peppy. Fans and spectators may differ on opinions of what they see and what they believe. It is this inner reaction that is produced by the fans that give strike different emotions during the game. Some fans have so much energy built up for the game that they wrench fanatics. The fanatic undersurface sometimes have violent outbursts while being so caught up in the game. These types of violent actions happens in more cases then are needed. Fans be get along so caught up in the game that excitement is quickly turned into anger and violence. This anger and violence can be dangerous to those nearby. A effec tive example of how these fanatics lose their self control and cause violence is demonstrated in an attendant that recently happened. The incident happened at a game between the Boston Celtics and the Utah Jazz. Viewing this finicky game can demonstrate how fans lose self control.The NBA game held between the two teams could have been pr regularted by self control. The game shows how spectators come from different walks of life. The spectators from the game have different opinions and feelings toward the game. Not every champion in the gang will share the same beliefs. Some spectators are attending the game to experience a good time. This is proven by the many beer bottles and whistled that surround this type of spectators. Other spectators attend games because of the inscription they have to the home team. These spectators dress in colors of the team they adore. The spectators also may purchase flavour tickets so that no game is missed. Many ferment cameras in hopes to catch t hat perfect shot which can be kept as a sacred memory. Whichever way the spectator has chosen to show his or her appreciation, it is easily shown. Regardless of the sport, each fan has their own motivation that persuades them to be a fan. These fans are what bring the spirit to the game. Although each fan may have a different motive, the fan is there for one reason and that reason is to support the team. The way people of different walks of life are able to come together and cheer on a team shows dedication. Some fans are so caught up in the moment that they put all ethics aside and turn to violence. This is clearly reviled in an incident at an NBA game. A game between the Celtics and the Jazz left people injured and fans in an outrage. During the game, the filmmaker was even struck blurring the camera from taking clear shots of the event. (gazette.com) Incidents of violence happen quite much, and can often be prevented. The different ways that the fans link their personalities to support the same team are similar to the belles-lettres of Karl Marx. These incidents between the fans and the games follow them for the rest of their lives. This is also true with writing created by Karl Marx. KARL MARX People from all over the world have different perceptions on events that happen around them. It is certain that each person in life will hold a different viewpoint then the person next to them. This is true for everything in life. The different perceptions that are shown from the players are similar to the

Explain the integers Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words

Explain the integers - taste ExampleAll authors believe that teachers should use a variety of representations and even some relatively unconventional tools. Following is the explanation of various approaches towards teaching mathematics in schools.Mental mathematics, linking cubes, drawings, mental images, concrete materials, equations, base- cristal blocks, electronic computer programs can all be used with the goal of students to find the representations they personally can manipulate (physically and or mentally) with most ease and meaning. By choosing the representation that represents how they personally think, students can attach meaning to the situation and it becomes more than accessible. Parents should also learn their childrens learning style even if it differs from their own. Parents are also encouraged to pretend they applaud mathematics and can do them as well and anybody (Dedyna, 2002, Press).For Thompson, one of the simplest ways of teaching vocabulary is to apolog ise the concepts first, and then attach the term to it. This strategy can be used in conjunction with etymologies (word origins) because when students come these roots, they can make connections between common English words with which they are familiar and mathematics terms. afterwards the space race focus, researchers world wide have in the last twenty dollar bill years taught us a lot about childrens understanding of numeracy and how they come to develop these ideas. Young-Love ridge (2002) drew attention to the particular that many of the understandings children had on entering school were not well matched to the curriculum and what they were taught. Baroody et al (2005) mentions the work of ten different researchers or research groups who assisted the understanding of childrens mathematical thinking in the last twenty years. Young-Love ridge (2005) acknowledged that teachers in Australia and United States that were given a framework, were better able facilitate their students learning. She valued the work of Fuson and Renick in the United

174 Article Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

174 - Article ensampleGlobalization and merging of business entities has forced most companies to incorporate such(prenominal) systems in their business whole for efficiency. The benefits of an ERP system are discussed below.Business entities that embrace ERP systems attain a competitive advantage through mitigate business performance (Hitt et al., 2002). This is because it integrates supply chain management, production planning and management, human resource management with separate core business functions. Already, this allows the company to realize a multidimensional remedyment. ERP systems enable firms to reduce lead times, improve financial management, and proper coordination of information. Oracle ERP systems are strategic in nature. This means that they concentrate on ameliorate company sales, improved customer service, and reduced lead time.Business regulations deter most companies from realizing their set goals due to costs associated with compliance and administratio n. Therefore, through the use of ERP systems, firms can avoid such costs, and in return improve processes, which can enable them, meet customer demand. Strategically, firms using ERP attain cost leadership, because they have synchronized economies of denture in operations.ERP systems make every department accountable to all activities in their jurisdiction, and thus make them implement proactive problem solving techniques as compared to reactive ones. Such employee involvement in business operations ensures satisfaction among customers, shareholders, management, and employees themselves.An Oracle ERP system is scalable because it is very scant(p) to modify and upgrading its functionality is achievable. This means that companies using such systems can manage and coordinate activities among all their existing departments for improved efficiency.ERP improves reporting capabilities in operational work. Therefore, it is easy for multiple departments to

Different Propaganda Means in World War II Essay Example for Free

Different Propaganda Means in World struggle II attempt1. Introductiona) General BackgroundWe know that propaganda used in struggle had effects on the solvent of the fight from GCSE newfangled World History second edition that propaganda means used in fight had contributed to the warfare efforts which directly affected the outcome of the war. M either propaganda means such as moving-picture shows and songs flourished during this era and level until today.b) Rationale of ResearchOur paper aims to show how the propaganda means helped to contribute to the war effort by fulgent the civilians from facts, so that they would continue to support the government in their war efforts and non lose poise in the war. The sources that we have selected were produced and used at the period of war and thus are eligible as a primary source.c) Research Questions* How does propaganda affect the outcome of war?* How good is each varied mean of propaganda?d) sphere of ResearchWe will only be looking at the 4 different means of propaganda tello Chaplins (1940) movie- The Great potentateo Almanac Singers (1942) song- Round and Round Hitlers Graveo Clampetts (1942) cartoon- some(prenominal) Bonds Todayo Smiths (1942) propaganda poster virtu on the wholey war bondsWe will also bring in diachronic knowledge that we obtained from the books and websites indicated in the bibliographical section.e) Limitations of ResearchOur paper will only discuss how propaganda is effective in the primary sources that we will be using. We will only mention how effective each of these sources are, bringing in historical background to support our view.Our paper will only be discussing on these specific sources mentioned and not propaganda as a whole broad topic.2. Literature ReviewChaplins and Clampetts movies plus Almanac Singers song criticised the bloc Powers. They were anti-Nazi Propaganda and were efficient in spreading propaganda. Clampetts cartoons and Smiths poster appealed to the Americans to support the war through buying war bonds.Chaplins movie shows that Hitler is uncivilized, as seen in a cake fight whilst discussing war issues with Italy-an ally. Clampetts cartoon shows that the Axis Powers were uncooperative when they stepped on the Dove of Peace. Almanac Singers song lyrics (Appendix 2) was insulting, Wished I had old Hitler /with a rope around his neck and continues about dancing round Hitlers grave. The first movie was produced to ridicule Hitler with very little conception except for a speech (Appendix 3) because America was still a neutral country during 1940, but in Europe war had commenced. on the whole resources made use of either audio or visual. It was the era whereby poems were no longer effectual and popular means of expression. Hence, propaganda was conveyed in posters, songs aired on radio and movies in theatres worldwide. Audio and visual acquired immune deficiency syndrome provided a lucid picture of happenings and task definition enabling the government to easily curve the bulk to do their biddings. The movies were directed by famous people (such as strugglener Brothers, Charles Chaplin), whom civilians thought were trust-worthy and thus easily swayed.Moreover, well-nigh propaganda accentuates the importance of war bonds in the War. Bugs Bunny in Any Bonds Today (Appendix 6) was saying that without the bonds, we cant tie tomorrows plan, which is to win the war. Even in this song there is a propaganda poster (Appendix 5) on war, patriotism and to grasp war bonds (Appendix 4). Smiths poster was specifically on war bonds but just in a different form. The poster illustrates the repercussions without war bonds and shows a Nazi shadow cast over children. Therefore, buying bonds will shelter them from the Axis.Patriotism resulted in exceedingly successful recruitment and maintenance of peace in the country. Patriotism prevented war at home while combating enemies. It was evoked through a poster signifying v ictory (Appendix 5), shown as the background of Clampetts movie and also through criticising and making Axis Powers look inferior. Hence, Allies gain confidence.Not all movies were totally censored by the government and thus contained to a greater extent truths. However, animated cartoons were still successful. The audience were preponderantly children and upon listening to the catchy tunes and vivid pictures, persuade their parents into buying bonds for their well-being. The success of war propaganda for bonds reaped 185 billion dollars enabling the capacious expansion of arms. Chaplins speech gave Germany hope that when dictators die, liberty will return to the people this helped alleviate tension in Europe. The song (Appendix 2) was performed by a band formed by the government for propaganda purposes. Their songs were highly popular at that era and helped stir patriotism in the Americans. All the propaganda, even if not asking to acquire war bonds, was useful in convincing the people that the Axis were inferior to the Allies.3. Research MethodologyWe have evaluated the relevant resources that we can access and selected four sources that we will be using in our paper. These sources are primary sources as they were produced and released during World War II.After the selection of the resources, we analysed each of the sources individually to detect the characteristics of each source. We also accessed the affect they had at that time derived from historical knowledge.We then look at critics standpoint of these sources and found out that reviews and critics on these sources were scarce and extraneous to our paper and we decided to prohibit these critics, as most did not have any relevance to our paper.Subsequently, we look at all the sources and list down their similarities and differences from the examination of each source.4. Results AnalysisAll the sources that we have used proved to be valuable in showing us the influence these propaganda tools whiteth orn even have on us. These sources were used by the Allies to convince the civilians that the Axis Powers are the unprincipled guys and they are to remove these threats.Chaplins The Great Dictator and Almanac Singers Round and Round Hitlers Grave were aimed at Hitler and the purpose of the movie was to destroy Hitlers reputation. These sources ridicule Hitler and persuaded the people to despise and condemn him.Clampetts cartoons and Smiths poster applied more to the public opinion of the civilians to buy war bonds to help to lighten the burden the economy have to take. These sources use patriotism to persuade the civilians to help to buy war bonds.5. Conclusiona. Has our question proved our hypothesis correct / wrong?Our research has proven our hypothesis correct. Our research had shown that propaganda helped to collect the necessary resources needed for war, which is money and manpower. In World War II, propaganda means had evolved into sophisticated structure where many factors are included. Propaganda became an essential tool that would be necessary in war, as it would help the government to haul support from the civilians in order to get enough resources for war.b. Questions for that research1) Why did poems lose popularity as a form of propaganda means in World War 2?2) How did movies gain popularity as propaganda means in the war?3) Why were Audio Aids more effective than Audio-Visual Aids in the war as a propaganda tool?6. Bibliographya) BooksLowe, Norman (1997) Mastering Modern World History third edition. New York Palgrave Publishers LtdTate, Nicholas (1999) A History of the Modern World 1917-1952 fifth edition. capital of Singapore Federal Publications Pte LtdWalsh, Ben (2002) GCSE Modern World History second edition. London John Murray Publishers Ltdb) Websiteshttp// vane.graham.day.dsl.pipex.com/ww2001.htmhttp//www.apcpapercollect.com/propaganda.htmhttp//www.hitler.org/speeches/http//www.hitler.org/literature/programme/http//www.earthstation1.c om/Tokyo_Rose.htmlhttp//www.playwinningpoker.com/articles/mz/war1.htmlhttp//www.warfoto.com/entertain.htmhttp//lcweb.loc.gov/exhibits/bobhope/uso.htmlhttp//www.nauticom.net/www/harts/homefront.htmlhttp//www.a2zcds.com/cds/history/world_war_2.htmhttp//www.ingeb.org/WWII.htmlhttp//www.calvin.edu/academic/cas/gpa/ww2era.htmhttp//www.archives.ca/05/0534/053402_e.htmlhttp//www.pbs.org/wgbh/amex/presidents/32_f_roosevelt/psources/ahttp//www.42explore.com/worldwar2.htmhttp//www.ac.wwu.edu/hansenb2/materialsWW2.pdfhttp//www.historyguy.com/day_of_infamy.htmlhttp//journals2.iranscience.net800/www.internet-magazine.com/tesla.liketelevision.com/default.htmhttp//members.home.nl/ww2propaganda/index.htmlhttp//www.virtualology.com/virtualwarmuseum.com/hallofworldwarii/http//www.oldeagle.nu/post/http//www.hitler.org/speeches/http//www.hitler.org/writings/programme/http//www.archives.gov/exhibit_hall/powers_of_persuasion/powers_of_persuasion_home.htmlhttp//home.nc.rr.com/tuco/looney/lists/war.htmlhtt p//www.teacheroz.com/WWIIpropaganda.htmhttp//members.aol.com/FenixFlyte/chaplin.htmlhttp//propaganda.ww2.klup.info/http//www.graham.day.dsl.pipex.com/ww2001.htmhttp//www.apcpapercollect.com/propaganda.htmhttp//www.hitler.org/speeches/http//www.hitler.org/writings/programme/http//www.earthstation1.com/Tokyo_Rose.htmlhttp//www.playwinningpoker.com/articles/mz/war1.htmlhttp//www.warfoto.com/entertain.htmhttp//lcweb.loc.gov/exhibits/bobhope/uso.htmlhttp//www.nauticom.net/www/harts/homefront.htmlhttp//www.a2zcds.com/cds/history/world_war_2.htmhttp//www.ingeb.org/WWII.htmlhttp//www.calvin.edu/academic/cas/gpa/ww2era.htmhttp//www.archives.ca/05/0534/053402_e.htmlhttp//www.pbs.org/wgbh/amex/presidents/32_f_roosevelt/psources/ahttp//www.42explore.com/worldwar2.htmhttp//www.ac.wwu.edu/hansenb2/materialsWW2.pdfhttp//www.historyguy.com/day_of_infamy.htmlhttp//journals2.iranscience.net800/www.internet-magazine.com/tesla.liketelevision.com/default.htmhttp//members.home.nl/ww2propaganda/index.html http//www.virtualology.com/virtualwarmuseum.com/hallofworldwarii/http//tesla.liketelevision.com/liketelevision/tuner.php?channel=608format=tvtheme=guidehttp//tesla.liketelevision.com/liketelevision/high-up/alacart.php?channel=687p=5theme=guidehttp//www.lib.berkeley.edu/MRC/FilmonVideoVid.htmlhttp//www.bcdb.com/bcdb/detailed.cgi?filmtml3p=shttp//looney.toonzone.net/miscelooneyous/tvtitles/tvtitles1.htmlhttp//www.kidscastle.si.edu/channels/history/articles/historyarticle22.htmlhttp//www.smithsonianmag.si.edu/smithsonian/issues02/feb02/war_bonds.htmlhttp//www.archives.gov/exhibit_hall/powers_of_persuasion/word_document/bugs_bunny_video_description.txthttp//wso.williams.edu/dgerstei/chaplin/nazi.htmlhttp//www.splicedonline.com/95andbefore/chaplin1_dvd.htmlhttp//www.aicgs.org/resources/daad/1995010.shtmlc) AcknowledgementsMany thanks to our mentor Miss Foo Yang Yann for lot us out in many areas of our paper.d) ReferencesClown Ministry (2003). Text of Charlie Chaplins speech from The Gre at Dictator, aka Look up, Hannah. http//www.clown-ministry.com/Articles/ rhyme/chaplin-great-dictator.html, coating accessed 7 Aug 2003.Florit, Luis A. (2003). The Speech of The Great Dictator. http//w3.impa.br/luis/chaplin.html, last accessed 7 Aug 2003.Geer, Goopy (2003). Goopy Geers Rare Cartoons Page War Cartoons. http//members.fortunecity.com/goopygeer2/, last accessed 7 Aug 2003.Helfert, Manfred (2003). Round And Round Hitlers Grave (Woody Guthrie/Millard Lampell/Pete Seeger). http//www.geocities.com/Nashville/3448/round.html, last accessed 7 Aug 2003.National Archives and Records disposition (2003). NARA Exhibit Hall Exhibit Hall Main Page. http//www.archives.gov/exhibit_hall/, last accessed 7 Aug 2003.Rotten Tomatoes (2003). The Great Dictator (1940) Charlie Chaplin, Paulette Goddard, Jack Oakie, Charlie Chaplin. http//www.rottentomatoes.com/m/TheGreatDictator-1008790/, last accessed 7 Aug 2003.

Welcome Remarks Essay Example for Free

Welcome Remarks Es differentiateIn behalf of the graduating class, it is my honour/pleasure to welcome all told of you this afternoon to this solemn and joyous occasion. To our parents, guardians, friends and family, I express the deepest appreciation to you not only when for your presence at once but also for your endless love and support to us. I also like to extend our gratitude to our near teachers, faculty, and members of the ASIST for the patience and guidance you have shown to us which we will carry to face the upcoming chapters of our life. The next period of our life is about to begin but without the supports from you, we may not have made it to this day. So again, give thanks you and welcome. To my fellow graduates, congratulation, I am honour to be here(predicate) today graduating with all of you. These past four-spot years has been an unforgettable journey which prepared us for what the future holds. Lets take a moment to reflect on the bonds we developed duri ng our time.Many of us will surely miss these years, on how we survived here together at ASIST, and the memorable and influential moments of our lives. We began high school as children and today we get off and tell apart good bye as adults. Remember, four years ago we walked into this halls as nervous as we were on the first day of school we were so called the freshmen before and now here we are were leaving the school behind. We say good bye to our four sided classroom which we have known as well as well, to our 30 minutes lunches, to our teachers and for those who become part of it. The most important good bye we will say is to each other and the past we created as a class, and now we welcome the opportunities of the future.Today, its not only does this class graduate, but we also leave behind significant talents, wisdom and legacy. The skills and talents that once roamed these halls will be set out into this world, and I am confident they will be put to good use. We owe all of these to our beloved alma mater. conveys to ASIST for providing us a high quality education, for helping us call forth these abilities. We are privileged to have attended this school. I am sure that the fine education that we authorized will stand us in good stead time and again.Thus I say so my dear friends let us not stop gaining knowledge. If we have done all that we could in high school, let us further our study by putting even more private road into our own chosen forms. For our knowledge is yet to growinto true maturity. But for now, let us put back, think and reflect. As we go on with our graduation rites today, it is time to gather all that we have larn and think about them. And celebrate for all our efforts in making it into this level. For surely, we would not have achieved a huge feat such as this without the wits, the power, the strength, the brains and the dedication that would usher us into further development.Before I let my emotion sweep me away I would lik e to tell all my classmates who are sitting here with a square piece of cardboard on their head just one little thing. Thank you for all the memories. The fights, the team efforts, the assignments, the laughter, the tears, the prom, the photos all of them. Wherever we go and whatever we do, may we always be friends when we tint again. We might have ended up today another chapter of our life, and soon to travel our own path but always remember that, Every ending is just a new beginning. soundly luck and Congratulations my fellow graduates of the class of Fourth Year Emerald batch 2015.ASEAN 5-Year Work Plan on bringing up (2011-2015) 4 priorities 1. ASEAN Awareness 2. (a) Increasing Access to, and increasing Quality Primary and Secondary breeding (b) Increasing Access to, and Quality of Education-Performance Standards, Lifelong Learning and Professional Development 3. Strengthening Cross-Border Mobility and Internationalization of Education 4. Support for other ASEAN Sectoral Bod ies with an Interest in Education Many actions are consistent with targets expressed in the MDGs Brief Introduction develop human resources through closer cooperation in education and life-long learning, and in scientific discipline and technology, for the empowerment of the peoples of ASEAN and for the strengthening of the ASEAN Community (ASEAN Charter) Social dimensions of development in ASEAN promote greater educational cooperation among ASEAN appendage States and strengthen education within them (1) to narrow the development gaps, (2) to prepare youth for regional leadership, (3) to increase the combat of the people.

Miep Gies Essay Example for Free

Miep Gies EssayMiep Gies (2/15/1909-1/12/2010) opposed the holocaust by aiding the Jews from the Germans. She was one of many Dutch saviors of the Holocaust. For over two years, she administered food, shelter, companionship, and newsworthiness of the outdoor(a) world to eight Jewish people. The Frank Family, the van Pels, and a Jewish dentist named Fritz Pfeffer were taken swell care of. By virtue of her gratitude, these Jews were fortunate enough to have Miep in their lives.Miep jeopardized her own living when she assist in hiding the eight innocent people. She brought food for them secretly and knew that there was serious trouble delay for her if she were to get caught. Her husband, Jan Gies, also cooperated in aiding Jews. He provided ration cards that he attained illegally so Miep could get more food. She also visited various grocery shops each day to refrain from suspicion and scrutinizing among other individuals. The employees in Otto Franks business were not aware about the Secret Annex. repayable to this, Gies attempted to avoid entering the hiding place during office hours.The hiding place is located in an empty part of Opektas premises on the Prinsengracht canal. It had an entrance of a regular door and thusly the door was replaced with a bookcase to make it less questionable. Work went on as usual and normal in the front part of the building. The frightened people were sealed in the Secret Annex near the rear. They stayed as quiet as possible so the workers and Nazis wouldnt discover them.Gies also provided something especially valuable in their lives, companionship and news of the outside world. Since the Jews could not make any outside commotion, Miep brought them the most recent news of events during World War II. Although the news became increasingly hopeless, her hope never faded. Her and her husbands presence helped in providing comfort towards the families. Thankfully, their companionship kept everything stable.Despite knowledge of the possible consequences, Miep was determined to keep the Jews safe from the Nazis. She come with the Frank family, the van Pels, and Pfeffer with food, shelter, and companionship. Gies was aware of the dangerous risks she had taken upon herself and her husband. She was more than willing to jeopardize her own life to rescue the lives of others. Miep Gies opposed the Holocaust in a way better than any other, by livery lives.

Studying for a Degree Essay Example for Free

Studying for a compass point EssayThe above report is found on research and analysis produced by the Office of Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD). The report comments on the advantages to the UK prudence from people with a degree in terms of tax income and reduced unemployment. The report arranges an objective line of descent in from a number of authoratitive reports and sources, on whether higher education is a contributing to factor stinting growth and whether it should receive support and investment.According to the report male graduates can expect to earn $208000 more than people without a degree. The benefits to the states ar $95000 in tax income and reduced unemployment. The critic of the report Professor Allison savage does not think the OECDs analysis and findings are inaccurate. She believes anything extra a graduate earns is not straightway attributed to having a degree and therefore should not be subsidised by the government. Studying for a Degree UK v ersus USA.Both the Kingdom and United States boast a pool of universities which are world renowned and among the opera hat in the world. This is a brief summary of studying the benefits and disadvantages of studying at both .Tuition costs are significantly higher in the USA compared to the UK, on average the highest fees charged are $12000 in the UK compared with $50000 in the USA.However the UK offer student loans systems which is only paid back once graduates are earning 21,000 or more, and umpteen universities in the USA provide high levels of means tested financial support (Guardian, 2011) which student do not have to pay back, in an attempt by US universities to attract international talent. grad length also varies, UK degree courses are mainly taught over three years where as courses in the USA last 4 and even 5 years, increasing the cost of studying in the USA. (Word suppose 323).

Diversity in American Education Before 1960 Essay Example for Free

Diversity in American gentility Before 1960 EssayThe diversity in monetary value of the student population in American education before 1960 was largely dependent upon the issue of racial equality. The push for racial equality in the United States got a boost from the demands placed on completely facets of society during World War II. The mobilization effort relied on the black backwash to win the war and once it was over, there was no turning back. Furthermore, the whimls of freedom and equality, which were the backbone of the Allied war cry and the ass for the anti-communist Western movement, did non sit well alongside Jim Crow laws and exoteric acts of racial contrariety. The Jim Crow frame is also c exclusivelyed segregation. It is a process in and through which Southerners may be said to decriminalize their racial supremacy over the moroses or Negroes. It is a system of rules in and through which the central idea is differentiation. The aforementioned different iation is done on the basis of ethnicity or race. It is therefore not rugged to see that such a system lead encounter numerous criticisms due to the implications that result from it. differentiation entails the recognition that races are different and as such, it creates a political setting that separates races such as the tweeds from the Blacks.In addition to this, it also separates and ultimately, limits or confines races such as the Blacks to a social sphere with check social functions that are imposed on them. In line with this, this paper get out focus on the manifestations and effects of racial segregation on the American human race educational system before 1960. It will do so since the end of racial segregation deep down the American prevalent take aim system was largely determined by the effects of the Civil Rights movement as can be seen in the discussion of the Supreme move Cases on educational and racial equality before 1960.The following themes will show the effects of racial inequality on the diversity of the population in the American public educational system forward to the aforementioned period. In 1954, the United States of Americas Supreme coquet decided a landmark study concerning educational and racial equality. In Brown v. get along of Education of Topeka, 347 U. S. 483 (1954), the Courts ruling is grounded on the principle that the article of faith of separate but equal this doctrine is referring to the segregation policy, more specific eachy, the segregation policy in the schools in the U.S. will not and cannot provide Black Americans with the same standards and quality of education available for White Americans. The court thus, outlawed the racial segregation of public education facilities for the aforementioned reason. On May 17, 1954 the Warren Court handed down a 9-0 finale which stated, in clear and certain terms, that separate educational facilities are inherently unequal. Chief jurist Warren writes Today, edu cation is perhaps the most important function of state and local governments.Compulsory school attendance laws and the great expenditures for education both demonstrate our recognition of the importance of education to our democratic society. It is necessitate in the performance of our most basic public responsibilities, even service in the armed forces. It is the precise foundation of good citizenship. Today it is a principal instrument in awakening the child to cultural values, in preparing him for later professional training, and in helping him to adjust normally to his environment. In these days, it is doubtful that some(prenominal) child may reasonably be expected to succeed in life if he is denied the opportunity of an education.Such an opportunity, where the state has undertaken to provide it, is a right which must be made available to all on equal terms. (1954, np) Moreover, racial segregation, as the court sees it, is against the pronouncements of the Constitution the segregation of students on the basis of race or ethnicity and the legalization of a segregated public school education through the enactment of certain statutes serving to legitimize the creation and operation of schools that are exclusively for Whites or for Blacks, is clearly, not justified.The Supreme Courts ruling in Brown v. Board of Education of Topeka remains and is still considered as a turning point in the determination of racial diversity in the educational institutions within the United States. The second case involves an implication of the Brown Cases Brown Cases since there are Brown I, II and triad cases.Due to the Supreme Courts verdict that segregation is unconstitutional and of course, due to the increasing rallies, boycotts and protests conducted by the advocates of the Civil Rights Movement, issues regarding busing as an appropriate means by which school administrators may comply with the then seemingly constitutional requirement of desegregation. Swann v. Charl otte-Mecklenburg Board of Education, 402 U. S. 1 (1971) was an important United States Supreme Court case which deals with the busing of students to promote integration in the public school system.After the first trials decision in favor of the Board of Education, the Court held that busing was the appropriate solution to address the existing racial unbalance among schools at the time, even where the imbalance resulted from the selection of students based on geographic proximity to the school alternatively than from deliberate assignment based on race. Busing was done as in the cases of two Northern cities capital of Massachusetts and New York to ensure that schools would be tight-lacedly integrated and that all students would receive equal educational opportunities heedless of their ethnicity or race Milliken vs. Bradley 418 U. S.717 (1974), just like the Swann n. Charlotte-Mecklenburg Board of Education case is also another case concerning busing. Specifically, the Milliken vs . Bradley case deals with the planned forced busing of public school students across district lines among 53 school districts in Detroit. Hence, the case is also a consequence of the Brown v. Board of Education of Topeka case. The Court held that with no showing of significant violation by the 53 outlying school districts and no evidence of some(prenominal) interdistrict violation or effect, the district courts remedy was wholly impermissible and not justified by Brown v.Board of Education (Milliken vs. Bradley 418 U. S. 717, 1974, np). The following statement by Friedman echoes the ramifications of the Milliken v. Bradley case The homo was made safe for white flight. White suburbs were secure in their grassy enclaves. Official, legal segregation thusly was dead but what replaced it was a deeper, more profound segregation Tens of thousands of black children attend schools that are all black, schools where they never see a white face and they live massed in ghettos which are also only if black. (Friedman, 2004, p. 296)Another case set during 1974 shows the conditions of diversity in the American public school system prior to 1960. Morgan v. Hennigan is a class action suit on behalf of fifteen Black parents and 43 children which found the capital of Massachusetts School Committee guilty of maintaining a dual, that is, segregated school system. In a court ordination issued by Garrity, imposed or forced busing will be done on the city of capital of Massachusetts in position to achieve racial balance in public schools. The aforementioned court order was based on a complex system of racial parity and ignored previous busing solutions.The capital of Massachusetts School Committee, according to the ruling of the court, through various means and capacities violated the constitutional rights of the plaintiffs by marvelous segregation in terms assigning students to other areas, segregating residential patterns, transportation and grade system policies, to ring a few. The School Committee thus, violated the Fourteenth Amendment of the Constitution because instead of ensuring that Black children be habituated equal protection under the law, the segregation policies instead placed the Black children in an unfair disadvantage.The proper course of action that schools should take according to the court is to enact policies that will eliminate racial discrimination and not its converse. We will now discuss Boston Busing in the light of Ronald Formisanos Boston Against Busing Race, Class, and Ethnicity in the mid-sixties and 1970s. Formisanos conclusion regarding busing was that it is a failure. The main aims of desegregation are supposedly, educational equality and racial equality. Both aims however, were never achieved.The desegregation and affirmative action policies were results of the Civil Rights Movement and the Supreme Court rulings on the cases discussed earlier. History reveals that the expedited implementation of these policies was not beneficial to the American society since it involves an overhaul of large areas of American elegant society and political culture. This construal may be strengthened by the White quail Movements in Boston. Formisano sees the White Backlash as in the case of Boston as a chemical reaction to the implemented forced busing.He save defines the Whites reaction as a reactionary populism involving the middle, working class moved by a sense of threat regarding the policies implemented during the time and the escalating number of White v. Black incidents in the alliance and schools. It is also interesting to note that the White Backlash, like the Civil Rights Movement of the Blacks lacked a unified reaction and stand on the issue. Whites responded differently, so to speak, on the issue of forced busing. Formisanos analysis that the White Backlash is moved by a sense of threat is indeed a plausible idea.Other Whites in reality support the anti-racial discrimination campaigns but the expe dited implementation of desegregation, forced busing and affirmative action threatened their sense of protective covering and their sense of community. In other words, it went too far. Given the aforementioned cases, diversity in American public education before 1960 was largely determined by racial stratification. This however was largely affected by the Civil Rights movement since the movement questioned the main assumption regarding the treatment of individuals with different racial backgrounds.ReferencesBrown v. Board of Education of Topeka, 347 U. S. 483 (1954). Friedman, L. (2002). American Law in the Twentieth Century. New Haven Yale University Press. Formisano, R. (2004). Boston Against Busing Race, Class, and Ethnicity in the 1960s and 1970s. Carolina University of Carolina Press. Milliken vs. Bradley 418 U. S. 717 (1974). Morgan v. Hennigan, 379 F. Supp. 410 (1974). Swann v. Charlotte-Mecklenburg Board of Education, 402 U. S. 1 (1971). Warren in Brown v. Board of Educatio n of Topeka, 347 U. S. 483 (1954).

William Shakespeares Romeo and Juliet Essay Example for Free

William Shakespe argons Romeo and Juliet EssayDiscuss the ideas developed by the germ involving the riskiness of youth and the admonish of age?In William Shakespe ares Romeo and Juliet, Shakespeare fully develops the idea of riskiness of age. The books main char identification numberers Romeo and Juliet, are constantly taking very dangerous risks, these instances highlight the cardinal lovers tender ages. Throughout the book many an(prenominal) young people are killed or harmed under the backdrop of immaturity and the lack of scholarship in youth. The books wiser char interpreters such as the Nurse and Friar Lawrence also take risks only when unlike the younger characters externalize wisely and are cautious. The inexperience and lack of wisdom in early adolescent years causes adolescents to incur invincible which causes them to take unwise and foolish choices, up to now as unity grows one feels more than and more vulnerable and through life becomes wiser leading to advised choices. William Shakespeares Romeo and Juliet is a tragic love story that leaves one moved and gives one much to ponder.Shakespeares protagonist characters Romeo Montague and Juliet Capulet are from to very influential families which are engaged in a blood thirsty dissension. When Romeo and Juliet first meet, very swiftly, they instantly fall head over heels in love without thought. When Juliet discovers Romeo is a Montague she at first expresses grief to the fact that he is her archenemies lonesome son just then through her tenderness of age decides to ignore their social barriers. Through out the book the two conduct many acts which are very risky and dangerous highlighting there tender age and maturity. The greatest act of riskiness I thought was there marriage without consent from their parents, eventually this act cost them a great deal. Romeo and Juliet are portrayed as two foolish and abrupt adolescents who not as wise in there acts as they should be.Throughout th e book Romeo and Juliets love combined with the family feud cause the loss of many young lives. Through the play we observe the deaths of Mercutio, Tybalt, capital of France, Lady Montague, and the most true Romeo and Juliet. These deaths can be viewed as a direct cause of the madness of youth, though some whitethorn view these deaths also as a result of the family feud but the family feud seemed to ignite as a result of Romeo and Juliets love for each(prenominal) other.In Romeo and Juliet there are many instances where suicidal topics are discussed and even carried out which also highlights the unwise nature of adolescence for the reason that Romeo and Juliet are ready to die for each other instantly and see no possibility of life without each other. All deaths are caused by one another in the way that Tybalt killing Mercutio outrages Romeo into killing Tybalt of which a result he is exiled from Verona and from this his dumbfound dies. Juliets appearance of death causes Paris to come to Juliets death place where Romeo also goes to, at this confrontation Paris is killed and Romeo commits suicide and when Juliet wakes up to discover the deaths she also commits suicide. Shakespeare weaves a poignant and tragic story and doing so highlights the foolishness of adolescence.Shakespeare shows us the wisdom of mature figures by means of the Friar Lawrence and the Nurse. Throughout Romeo and Juliet the Nurse and Friar Lawrence are portrayed as the authoritative figures over Romeo and Juliet. The Nurse and Friar Lawrence also take many risks but they are much wiser in planning and thinking about what they are getting into, something that is different from the acts of Romeo and Juliet. though what the Nurse and Friar Lawrence do seems foolish they seem to discuss the topics positives and negatives also observing the affect of their act which highlights there maturity. Overall Shakespeare did a exemplary job in highlighting the riskiness of youth and caution of age.T he unwise nature of adolescence is observable even in todays world though adolescents may not take over as many rights as they did in the past they still are led to believe they are invincible and in there doing so make many unwise choices and judgments. The inexperience and lack of wisdom in early adolescent years causes adolescents to feel invincible which causes them to take unwise and foolish choices, however as one grows one feels more and more vulnerable and through life becomes wiser leading to sensible choices. Shakespeares Romeo and Juliet is acclaimed even today as a demanding piece of literature and drama. Shakespeare is commendable for writing perhaps generation most poignant and tragic story.

Associates vs Bachelor Degree in Nursing Essay Example for Free

Associates vs Bachelor Degree in Nursing EssayBachelor degree treat programs are highly regarded for the skilled, clinical thinking, and professionalism of imbibes they provide for the community. Obtaining a baccalaureate in treat provides the same skills and noesis encompassed in most associates programs, while allowing a broadened look into research, public health, management, and humanities (AACN IENP, 2012). some(prenominal) facilities are now providing incentives for headache for staff to continue their education from tuition reimbursement, an increase in pay, and vie time off for the sole purpose of education. Research has proven that with a to a greater extent than educated breast feeding populous there is a decrease in morality rates and medication errors, and it also provides more positive outcomes (AACN Fact Sheet, 2012). With such a high demand for keep backs, the scope of treat has become more comprehensive with a larger responsibility being placed on nur ses. All of this has shown not exclusively to the medical plain stitch exactly also policymakers and other leaders of the community that a high direct of education not only makes a inequality, but many feel it should be a requirement.The difference between a baccalaureate and associates degree program may seem obscure at first, but looking into the information and research that students learn in a four year program verses a three year program can be shocking. When looking into the core requisites motifed to graduate with a bachelors verses an associates, some obvious differences are the higher take aims of English, math, communication, and pathophysiology required to graduate with a BSN.Also, the higher level hunt down work required to complete a bachelors shows the necessity of critical thinking and research a nurse needs to even graduate. Once past the prerequisites required for a bachelors in nurse we have to exam the nursing course work itself. As stated before, most o f the associates program is integrate in a bachelors degree with an associates the clinical experience is more limited to the clinical setting hospitals, nursing skilled facilities, and rehab centers, where as many bachelors programs also included public and community projects.Bachelors programs also charge a broader focus on ethics, religion and spirituality, research, global awareness and public health, as well as nursing leadership and management (GCU, n. d. ). Nursing care is focused on the assessment, nursing diagnoses, planning, implementation, and evaluation of unhurrieds. This nursing treat can also be implemented in aspects outside of nursing and on the nursing field as a collective group. The nursing role is evolving, following the process the outcomes have to be evaluated and put into perspective.Research is being completed the conclusions are all the same, the higher education of nursing care the erupt the long-suffering outcomes. In an article published in Health Services Research in frightful 2008 that examined the effect of nursing practice environments on outcomes of hospitalized cancer perseverings undergoing surgery, Dr. Christopher Friese and colleagues found that nursing education level was importantly associated with tolerant outcomes. Nurses prepared at the baccalaureate-level were linked with lower mortality and failure-to-rescue rates.The authors conclude that moving to a nurse workforce in which a higher proportion of staff nurses have at least a baccalaureate-level education would result in substantially fewer adverse outcomes for patients. (AACN Fact Sheet, 2012) A Jewish patient is awaiting discharge after receiving an open heart procedure. The difference a bachelors educated nurse and an associate degree nurse may have on the patient can be laborious in this scenario.A bachelors nurse exit have a better understanding of the pathophysiology of this patients condition, instead of providing instruction on just the patient after care of the procedure the higher level education will allow the nurse to incorporate teaching of the patients condition that brought along the cause of the procedure, the nurse will be provide a broader education base to help the patient better understand the treatment and the conditions that they may face.The bachelors nurse will be able to better post environmental factors, diet and exercise factors, and other stresses that could be changed to promote health wellness for the patient. The bachelors nurse will be more aware of community based health assistance and programs that will help the patient make more positive health changes. The bachelors nurse will be more aware of the patients religious requirements and needs, this may help the patient in making better overall health and wellness decisions.Also, BSN nurses have a more in-depth education in regards to ethics and religion, this may provide a more trusting bond between the nurse and patients allowing the patient to se e that the nurse is there for providing care not only in his treatment but all aspects of the patients wellbeing. The history of nursing provides a great foundation and view on how nursing came into existence and how nursing has always strived for higher education. Before World War II great strides were made for university nursing programs, with the onset of war and the need for nurses, fleece and associates nursing found its place (Creasia and Friberg, 2011).Many feel that the nursing shortage is the reason that diploma and associates nurses programs still exist. Though, with the growing population that has increasing comorbidities it is more important than ever for nurses to have higher education. References American crosstie of Colleges of Nursing. 2012. Fact Sheet Creating a More Highly Qualified Nursing Workforce. Retrieved from http//www. aacn. nche. edu/media-relations/NursingWorkforce. pdf American Association of Colleges of Nursing. 2012. The Impact of Education on Nursin g Practice.Retrieved from http//www. aacn. nche. edu/media-relations/fact-sheets/impact-of-education Creasia and Friberg. (2011). Conceptual foundations The bridge to professional nursing practice. (5th ed. ) St. Louis, Missourit Mosby Inc. Retrieved from http//pageburstls. elsevier. com//books/978-0-323-06869-7/pages/47247567 Grand canyon University. (n. d. ). Registered Nurse to Bachelor of Science in Nursing (RN to BSN). Retrieved from http//www. gcu. edu/degree-programs/registered-nurse-to-bachelor-of-science-in-nursing.

Obama Represents Zeitgeist of 2008 Essay Example for Free

Obama Represents Zeitgeist of 2008 assayBeing born in a sullen-white family, experiencing herculeanships throughout the child and teen stages, Barack Obama, as the first African American President of the unite States, embodied dreams of thousands of people, both black and white. Obama became a symbol of the new U. S. narrative and personifies the brand new page, which is uncertain for the world, but rather clear for American citizens. What was the turning point in the minds of Americans to choose African American, as a new president? What kind of precondition made them require a man out of former slaves and despised people?These answers will be followed up by the closer look at Barack Obama, yet, at this moment, it is clear that Americans have felt the spirit that communicates between black and white, suffering and freedom, regeneration and stability the spirit of 2008. Most agree that Barack Obama has already changed the U. S. and is going to change the world. What is s o important in this man and why is he important to the United States? He was hurt at 3-year old age for the first time, when his parents divorced.As a result of a single-parent family, he was raised up without self-esteem in a segregated environment. There was no one behind or undermentioned to him to give a hand in daily hardships therefore, he became drug addict and trouble producer during the high school. At that time, one could hardly tell that out of this unmotivated and self-degraded teen would raise a state senator, followed by the U. S. senator, and the U. S. President consequently. Though, Obama had no goal in life, because there was no one to exhibition it, the spirit of revolt and revolution had been showing him the ways out of hopelessness.Being a member of isolate society, he managed to cope with odds and unequal opportunities. Negroes were non allowed to attend the same schools, hospitals, institutions, as the whites did. It was the page in history, when Obama was born and raised. But, these very restrictions and limitations had paved the way for Obamas success, making his nature stronger and character unbroken. 77230472_Obama Represents Zeitgeist of 2008 Page 1As was mentioned by Nick Bryant, to become a history-defying candidate he has been something of a history-denying figure. (BBC News) And it is true. At present, Barack Obama had to sort out the civil- slump paradox, so that he could appear on the U. S. Capitol steps and show the whole world that skin does not matter, inner spirit thats what matters. This is the point that united Barack with America there is no chance for hopelessness. No matter what the world is motto let him turn away from you no matter what society is saying you may change it.Chance was not on his side, yet he has national identity. Barack Obama, as healthy as the United States, is focused on freedom, as the utmost human value. This very spirit gave the American colonies fight against oppression and misunder standing, making the nation 1 in the world. No doubt, America is facing the hard times shaking delivery, unstable oil prices, mortgage crisis and global confrontation, headed by the EU. Yet, we may argue that the United States have already passed more severe tests and can put up with this one, having the right leader and right course.What is the difference in calling Obama inexperienced or naive, his inspiration reminds people that once the nation had ideals and dreams, had convictions and beliefs. Martin Luther queens dream for America, which was spoken two years after Obama was born in 1963, is fulfilled now. nigh things that seemed impossible are embodied now. Barack Obama, just like the United States, has made a leap all over the illicit barrier to puzzle out something whole out of broken, to build on sinking ground. The American zeitgeist of revolution has been imbuing Obama, and the election 2008 has reflected the American notion of equal opportunity.The President of the United States is given a chance to make his values real and reveal life battle on a larger scale. The life of Barack Obama personifies authority and victory now, rather than destruction and uncertainty at first. Hope to see the same results in the U. S. economy and its place on the global arena, as we look at American spirit that outpours in Obamas beliefs. Work cited Bryant, Nick. How Barack Obama defied history. BBC News. 5 Nov. 2008. 1 Dec. 2008 http//news. bbc. co. uk/2/hi/americas/us_elections_2008/7710449. stm.

The Crucible Essay Example for Free

The Crucible EssayThe title the crucible by Author miller is a metaphor for the witch attempt in Salem that manipulates the impure midpoints just as the crucible melts impure metal. The crucible was set in the Puritan society where religion was strict and everything everyone was either belong to god or the devil. People in the Puritan society used that as a tool to gain power and wealth. Throughout the witch trial, many population with impure hearts were manipulated by the overwhelming power of being connected to god and tried to benefit from it but eventually it direct to their own destruction such as Abigail, Thomas Putnam and genus genus Paris. On the other hand many people with pure hearts were willing to be hanged than appellationd other people such as Giles Corey and John Proctor. Abigail, Paris and Thomas Putnam hearts were blacken by the power of god but granted by the devil. They charge other of witchery in order to benefit from it. Thomas Putnam impeach other as witchcraft so he could by off the land while Paris accused other who against him to entertain his fame. Unlike Paris and Putnam, Abigail purpose was different.At first she accused other because she was offered a chance to reap away with her sin but then she was overwhelm with the new found power ,the power that she never had before, the power that bring her out of the misery life of a Puritan girl who was only a little more than a slave. Abigails hatred against Elizabeth fil direct heart with vengeance which made it defenseless and easy to be manipulated by the Devil. Giles Corey, an elderly who had many experience in lawsuits. Unfortunately his wife Martha Corey was accused for witchcraft by reading books. Giles Corey tried to safe his wife but he was arrested in a lawsuit against Putnam.The Judge tried to break him in many ways but he refused to bear on anyone. He was then tortured with a large rock on top of his chest until finis but still not a name came out of his mouth except two course more weight. With no stain in the heart, Giles Corey and others who did not name other people to breathe out in their place were like the pure steel that wont melt under noble temperature of the crucible. Difference from Abigail and Giles Corey, John Proctor was neither pure white nor black. He could be considered as a tragic hero, who had been upright for most of his life and the only his only sin was the lust with Abigail.His lust for Abigail Williams led to their affair and created Abigails hatred of his wife which sets the entire witch hysteria in motion. John was a dynamic character that changed through the plays. At the beginning he tried to hide his sin to guard his reputation but as things got worse he confessed himself. The judge nearly able to convinced him to name someone else but in the end he did not. He refused to give such false acknowledgment because such confession would dishonor his fellow prisoners, who are brave enough to die as evidence to the truth.The witch trial was like a burning flame that feed on the darkness in one heart. The witch trial only happen because people allowed to. If it werent for people like Abigail, Paris and Putnam the witch trial would never start and if it werent for people like Giles and John the witch trial would never end. Authur Miller used such fine metaphor for the title because the grade of a heart can only by judge in such circumstance just as the value of an metal can only be tested by extreme temperature.

Extra Curriculum Activities Essay Example for Free

Extra Curriculum Activities EssayAn ideal tame requisite more subject options such as drama, art and musicto excel at all levels. The school works provided to students by teachers have their own academic importance, Nevertheless that alone does not fulfil the shoal and learning requirements and standards. In some schools, the educational systems are only based upon fixed set of courses that excludes additional curriculum activities, causing insufficient or restrictiveness for the students comprehension skills and imaginations.Although it is believed that todays schools have the best education system including extra curriculum activities, it is yet underestimated in many another(prenominal) schools. These activities result bring many benefits to students. Involving students to participate in extra curriculum activities is very important in dowry them to develop many skills such as working and social skills. Of course, while there are definitely a large amount of benefits to extra curriculum activities for students, there needs to be a equilibrise between that and school work. getting touch in a few different activities is a outstanding choice to improve various skills and attitudes, and is definitely beneficial in all aspects, but too many activities canful result in students having academic problems and more. Therefore, it is important for students to set some limits in being involved in extra curriculum activities. Also not every student is a mad scientist or a mathematician, so these extra subject choices give students a chance to develop skills in ill-tempered areas they are well in.Students learn about long term commitments when they are involved in extracurricular activities as well, which is another excellent benefit. When they join one of the activities or clubs, they commit themselves to that activity for a occlusion of time. Learning to post on commitments is important, and these activities can teach students this important lesson . Many times, being involved in extracurricular activities helps to raise the self esteem of teens. There are many teens that feel worthless or that there is nothing they are good at.Teens struggle with self esteem, and these activities are a means that they can build self esteem. Everyone wants to find something that they are really good at, and extracurricular activities provide them with a way that they can get involved in something and really shine, giving their self esteem a boost. Getting involved in extracurricular activities also allows students to get involved in various interests. It is important for students to be very diverse in their interests. These activities allow them to explore a range of interests that they may have.Students should be allowed to take another step forward and be able to explore the world of art and music and to be able to nurture their talent and explore their own potential in other areas. There are numerous advantages for students to participate in extra curriculum activities. Therefore schools should be encouraged to involve students in these activities that increase the students self-worth, ability to think creatively, emotional understanding, social networks and overall increase their academic performances. With so many benefits and advantages, how can schools exclude extra Curriculum Activities?

Climate Change Impact On Agriculture In Pakistan

clime Change Impact On kitchen-gardening In PakistanClimate win over is a phenomenon that arises due to emissions of greenhouse gases from fuel combustion, deforestation, urbanization and industrialization, resulting variations in solar energy, temperature and ruination. (Upreti, 1999). It is a real threat to life which largely affects water resources, husbandry, coastal regions, freshwater habitats, vegetation, forests, snow cover, and geologic processes such as melting, land sliding, desertification and floods all(prenominal) of which have long-term affects on food security and clement health. (G.Malla.2008).Climate sort is a global issue debated on at all fronts whether its political, frugal or scientific. Climate must be prevented from further damage. Before the end arrives, there is a need on all levels of society to understand humor, the factors behind assortment and its impact on our agriculture and economy.It is a tumefy known fact that agriculture is the backbon e of Pakistan. cultivation and agri-related activities form 80% of the countrys economy. Agriculture is comparatively much sensitive to changes in clime, and tail end be impacted severely due to events such as previous(p) rainfalls, extreme temperatures and carbondioxide concentrations. A need arises to closely observe the environment and take up necessary measures for tackling these challenges. This look into work is an attempt to address the issues and problems faced by Pakistans agricultural sector and find the necessary solutions.2. command OF THE PROBLEMPakistans economy and prosperity is closely linked to its agriculture. Pakistans economic activities relate directly or indirectly to agricultural sector. Agricultural sector is dependent on nature. The unsure changes in nature i.e. changing in precipitation pattern, extremely high and low temperatures, cyclones, thunderstorms, variation in water level, impurification of air, water and dirty word, have make agriculture and agri-production a challenging issue. Unusual heavy rain storms in 2010, which resulted in floods and distortion of agriculture and property, are an example of clime change. The loss to the economy and the people sufferings are still remembered and unforgettable. It is the need of the solar day to carefully observe humor change, the causes of extreme weather events and find the necessary solutions to the problems.Issues regarding susceptibility to extreme mood conditions should be addressed with seriousness to save Pakistans agricultural sector and consequently the national economy. This investigate subject area is an attempt in addressing and ultimately solving the problems faced by Pakistans agriculture sector due to uncertain clime revolutionization.3. OBJECTIVESConsidering the importance of agricultural sector for the economy and food requirements of Pakistan, there is a need for authoritative estimates of major crop production under varied mood change provisions and circumstances. Although climate is an immeasurable fact that is affected by various factors i.e. Carbon dioxide concentration in atmosphere, temperature variations, precipitation rates, water level, soil erosion, salinity etc. The factors that are directly effecting crop production are temperature and precipitation rates. This research muse go away analyze crop production with temperature and precipitation rates. The core subroutines of this research poll get out be as under1. To observe the trend of climate change from the last three decades i.e. from 1980 to 20102. To analyze temperature and rainfall, as the key factors effecting agricultural production, with the major cash crops and food crops in Khyber Pakhtunkhawa3. To investigate the probable impacts of recent and predicted approaching climate change on different crops production4. To scrutinize different reconciling strategies in manage with the catastrophic conditions of environment and improving the total crops y ield4. SIGNIFICANCEPakistan is an agricultural country climate change impact on agricultural sector is a serious issue that demands immediate attention. This research pick out mainly focuses on the impact of climate change on agricultural sector of Pakistan such as untimely rainfalls and temperature variations that ultimately results in either prolonged droughts, unalarmed floods, increase in soil erosions and decrease in land productivity, which ultimately results in the migrations and desertification. The countrys socio-economic setup suffers the most that leads to a weak nation.The most recent impact of climate change was seen in July 2010, when floods destroyed thousands of villages all over Pakistan. The greatest hit among them was Khyber Pakhtunkhawa (KPK). The core purpose of this research study is to analyze the temperature and precipitation effect on agricultural produce in Khyber Pakhtunkhawa. study crops allow be taken up in this regard, to analyze them in relation wi th temperature and precipitation from 1980 to 2010. Predictions of temperature and precipitation allow for help us adapt in the future with extreme cropping and harvesting seasons. Prevention can be done before disaster strikes to safeguard the interest of a poor farmer.5. RESEARCH QUESTIONSThis research study will strive towards finding answers to the following questions1. Is there any potential damage caused by climate change to Pakistans economy as a whole and agriculture sector in contingent?2. What are the impacts of 2010 floods on the production of major crops in Khyber Pakhtunkhawa?3. Are there any adaptative strategies to climate change that can help rural communities strengthen their capacity to cope with disasters?4. What should be the future land-management skills of farmers to climate change?5. What measures should be taken in the future to diversify the livelihood of the poor farmers?6. METHODOLOGYThe methodology to be adopted for this study will be as underMajor fac tors effecting climate change on agricultural sector are temperature and precipitation rates. According to the plant physiology writings, plant development is a linear positive function of temperature, within a range of temperature between minimum and maximum thresholds (Ritchie and Smith, 1991). retentiveness this in mind, the econometric model used for analyzing the climate impact on agricultural sector will employ both maximum and minimum temperatures, which are positively related to crops yield. Moreover, precipitation rates effecting crops yields will be captured by the relevant econometric and mathematical equations.The data regarding the temperature and precipitation variables will be obtained from Pakistan metrological Department. The data for the total yield of various crops in Khyber Pakhtunkhwa (KPK) will be attained from the Pakistan Federal government agency of Statistics. Climate change trend will also be observed by engaging different econometric and statistical te chniques and procedures. The econometric model used in the research study will be analyzed with the help of econometric software SPSS or SAS. The detailed analysis of the econometric models will be explained and conclusions will be drawn from it. The socioeconomic impacts on people as well as on the development of country will also be addressed. Future recommendations as well as the adaptive strategies for copping with extreme environment conditions will also be given.7. PROVISIONAL CHAPTER STRUCTUREThe proposed chapter structure of the study will be as underCHAPTER I Agriculture sector and its importance to the economy of Pakistan.CHAPTER II Climate change and its impact on Pakistan agricultural sector.CHAPTER III Agricultural production in Khyber Pakhtunkhawa as affected by the change in climatic conditionsReview of the major crops over the last three decades.CHAPTER IV Analysis and investigation of the major crops of Khyber Pakhtunkhawa with climate change factors, using Economet ric techniques.CHAPTER V Concluding the study various adaptability and compatibility strategies in relation to climate change will be discussed.8. LITERATURE REVIEWAgriculture is extremely vulnerable to climate change. Higher temperatures ultimately reduce yields of desirable crops while encouraging mountain and pest production. Changes in precipitation patterns elevate the short-run crop malfunction and declines long-run productions . Although there will be an increase in some crops production in some regions of the world, the overall impacts of climate change on agriculture are expected to be negative, intimidating global food security.International sustenance Policy Research Institute (2009) conducted a study that concentrates on various agricultural sector issues in Asia and the Pacific. It presents indicators of exposure, sensitivity, and adaptive capacity of agriculture sector in the region. Those indicators underline the vulnerability of the agriculture sector as a source o f livelihood and food security for many people. This study also represents vast heterogeneousness in farming systems across Central, East, Southeast, and South Asia and the Pacific Islands. It also highlights many other aspects of vulnerability to climate change across the region that includes undernourishment, poverty and slow productivity., all of which are aggravated by the effects of climate change.Neil Leary and Jyoti Kulkarni, (2007), work is based on a combination of case studies from different regions of the world. These studies have debated climate vulnerability to impacts from climate variation and change. The potential outcomes from exposure to climate hazards and climate change are set as high-level concern in these studies.. It includes water scarcity that retards progress towards development goals, losses of intact ecosystems and their species, more frequent and greater loss of life in coastal zones, land degradation, food hazard and famine, loss of livelihoods and increase in infectious disease epidemics. All of these are possible outcomes of exposure to climate hazards. It is a source of greater information as it has addressed climate change impacts on all fronts of life whether it is social, economic or political.Santiago Olmos (2001) provides an outline of adjustment issues, subject to climate vulnerability literature and climate discussions. This idea covers assessments of climate vulnerability in various regions of the world and developing countries in particular. The paper also discusses some of the existing resources that can be used to conduct climate vulnerability assessments and adaptation work.The current research work is unique in the sense that it will point out the impacts of climate change on the agricultural sector of Pakistan. More specifically, major areas of concern will be the climate impact on crops yields in Khyber Pakhtunkhawa over the last three decades. The direct and indirect social and economic impacts of climate change will also be analyzed in this study. Adaptive and preventive measures in copping with extreme climate conditions will also be given in this research study.